Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Volume:19 Issue: 3, 2015

Telomerase is highly activated in most human cancer cells, therefore, its inhibition has been proposed as a novel and promising strategy for cancer therapy. Many plant-derived anticancer agents act through inhibition of telomerase activity and induction of apoptosis. β-ionone, a carotenoid compound isolated from Roseaceae, has been reported to possess anticancer properties. The present study was undertaken to examine the mechanism of β- ionone-induced apoptosis in human leukemia cell line K562 with special emphasis on its role in telomerase inhibition. In this study the anti-proliferation effect of β-ionone on K562 cells was evaluated by MTT assay. Apoptosis rate was detected by Hoechst staining and flow cytometry analysis. Telomerase activity was measured by (TRAP) ELISA assay. Exposure of K562 cells to β-ionone caused a dose-dependent decrease in proliferation. Flow cytometry analysis and Hoechst staining showed that percentage of apoptotic cells markedly increased with an increase in β-ionone concentration. Compared to control cells, treatment of K562 cells with β- ionone resulted in a significant decrease of telomerase activity. Moreover, a positive correlation was detected between telomerase inhibition and apoptosis induction in the treated K562 cells. Based on these results, β-ionone is an appropriate candidate for inhibiting telomerase activity in K562 cells. Therefore, it may be utilized as a novel drug against some leukemia cell lines.

This study was aimed to compare the effects of acute aerobic exercise and intermittent hypoxia on blood pressure and Orexin-A levels in patients with prehypertension. To this end, 10 male and female volunteers with prehypertension (51.7±3.1 years old) performed an aerobic exercise and an intermittent hypoxia session in separate days. The aerobic exercise consisted of 40 minutes of running on treadmill with intensity of 70% heart rate reserve. During intermittent hypoxia session, 5 minutes hypoxic air (11% oxygen) and 5 minutes normoxic air (room air) were inhaled intermittently at sitting position for an hour. Orexin-A levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured before and after interventions. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels reduced significantly after aerobic exercise and intermittent hypoxia (P≤0.05). However Orexin-A levels decreased significantly only in intermittent hypoxic and this reduction was significantly correlated with the decrease in systolic blood pressure (P≤0.05). Performing an aerobic exercise with moderate intensity as well as an intermittent hypoxic session can have beneficial effects on blood pressure in patients with prehypertension and can be advised for them. In addition, intermittent hypoxia can reduce Orexin-A levels in these people. Therefore, it can be proposed for those who cannot participate in aerobic exercise program.

Newborns are fully capable of pain perception, and uncontrolled pain, especially in the early life will impose unwanted effects on the child in the future. This study was performed to compare the analgesic effects of breast milk and 20% dextrose on the pain caused by hepatitis B vaccination in term neonates. In this randomized clinical trial, 210 term neonates were recruited and divided into three groups. The first group was given 2 cc breast milk,the second group was given 2 cc 20% dextrose orally and the third group, as control, was not given anything. Then, the neonates received hepatitis B vaccination. Pain intensity was measured in all three groups by DAN pain scoring system. The heart rate and oxygen saturation were measured in each group before and after injection. Pain intensity levels by DAN pain score were 8.67 in the control group, 4.95 in breast milk and 5.78 in 20% dextrose, which showed a significant difference between groups (P<0.001). Our results showed that both breast milk and 20% dextrose had analgesic effects, but breast milk was more effective to reduce pain than 20% dextrose.

This study was carried out to investigate the correlation of selfobjectification, internalized weight bias and body image concern with depression and eating disorder A total of 200 female students with overweight and obesity were selected using convenience random sampling among female students with overweight and obesity referring to Shiraz sport clubs in 2013. They responded to Stigmatizing Situations Inventory (SSI), Trait Self- Objectification Questionnaire (TSOQ), Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS), Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI), Center for Epidemiological Studies- Depression Scale (CES-D) and Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS). Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling (SEM). Result showed that self-objectification, internalized weight bias and body image concern can mediate the relationship of weight-based objectifying experiences with depression and eating disorder. The findings of this study showed that fitness index of the proposed model can acceptably fit the data.

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness. The serum oxidant/antioxidant profile alteration has been reported in ocular pathologies. The aim of this study was to compare the oxidative stress markers and antioxidant profile in patients with primary openangle glaucoma and healthy subjects. This study was conducted on 84 POAG patients (40 women and 44 men) and 80 healthy subjects (43 women and 37 men) referring to department of ophthalmology at Hazrat Rasol hospital. In this study, the total plasma antioxidant capacity (TAC), malonyldialdehyde (MDA) concentration, erythrocyte glutathione (GLT) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were measured and compared. The serum levels of TAC in patients with POAG significantly decreased than those of the healthy subjects (p<0.001), while the MDA levels in these patients increased significantly (p<0.025). Also, the red blood cell glutathione level in patients with POAG was significantly increased compared with healthy subjects (p<0.016). Significant enhancement of lipid and protein oxidation and an remarkable reduction of total antioxidant capacity in POAG patients compared to healthy subjects may indicate the pathological role of rising oxidative damage in primary open-angle glaucoma.

Based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), participation is part of healthy function of children. The purpose of this study was to analyze the enjoyment of participation in formal and informal activities among students with cerebral palsy compared with healthy students. In this cross-sectional study, 30 children with cerebral palsy aged 8- 14 years from the schools for the paralyzed children and 30 peers with the same age from typical schools were selected through census and random sampling methods, respectively. Participation was evaluated by the Children’s Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE). The data were analyzed by SPSS-17 software. No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of enjoyment scale for formal and informal activities. There was a significant difference between children with cerebral palsy and typical peers in diversity scale for formal and informal activities (P<0.001). The mean intensity of participation in the normal group was more than the children with cerebral palsy in formal activities (P<0.001). Further, no significant was reported between groups in informal activities (P=0.002). There were not significant differences between two groups in the enjoyment of participation for formal and informal activities. Cerebral palsy had no effect on enjoyment of doing activities but could affect the participation diversity and intensity of children in formal and informal activities.

Tuberculosis (TB) may present as pulmonary and extra-pulmonary. TB lymphadenitis is the most common presentation of extra-pulmonary TB. TB lymphadenitis should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of different disorders such as metastatic lymphadenopathy. The reported patient was a 65-year-old lady with breast cancer and conglomerated and matted axillary lymphadenopathy who received chemotherapy. She presented with more extensive axillary LAP contrary to our expectation. Modified radical mastectomy was done and pathology analysis reported TB lymphadenitis associated with metastatic LAP. Under cover of anti-TB therapy adjuvant chemoradiation therapy was started. Accordingly, we recommend TB be ruled out in every patient who needs chemotherapy in the endemic region because chemotherapy may cause the extension of TB in the body.