مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال هجدهم شماره 157 (هفته سوم امرداد 1394)

Fetal chromosomal disorders screening tests may cause worry and anxiety in pregnant women. This study was conducted with aim to compare the effects of group and individual education on worry and anxiety of pregnant women about fetal chromosomal disorders screening tests. This clinical trial study was performed on 240 pregnant women with gestational age< 10 weeks at Mashhad health care centers in 2014. Data collection tool was individual information form، Cambridge worry and Spielberger anxiety inventory. In the intervention groups، individual and group education was held once a week for two sessions during two consecutive weeks، and in control group، the routine care was performed. The rate of worry and anxiety was measured before education and also in 20-22 weeks of pregnancy in three groups. Data was analyzed using SPSS statistical software (version 16) and ANOVA، Tukey and T-test. Mean score of worry in pregnant women was significantly different in three groups of individual education (17. 55±8. 03)، group education (19. 48±8. 87) and control group (24. 18±5. 06) (P=0. 001). Also، mean score of state anxiety in pregnant women was significantly different in three groups of individual education (46. 9±4. 01)، group education (45. 5±3. 01) and control group (47. 9±5. 26)، and mean score of trait anxiety was significantly different in three groups of individual education (45. 86±4. 34)، group education (46. 73±4. 36) and control group (44. 32±5. 08) (P=0. 001). According to the effectiveness of individual and group education methods to reduce worry and state anxiety in pregnant women about fetal chromosomal disorders screening tests، each of these educational methods can be used on the basis of the clinical environment to encourage the women to use screening tests.

Menstrual disorders can cause many problems for women at different periods، and sometimes diagnosis and treatment of these disorders manifests as a problem in clinical medicine. Due to the high prevalence of menstrual disorders and fewer side effects of herbal medicines than chemical drugs، this study was performed with aim to compare the effects of chamomile and mefenamic acid capsules in hemorrhage of menstruation. This triple-blind randomized clinical trial study was performed on 90 students living in dormitories of Kashan University of Medical Sciences. They were randomly divided into two groups of chamomile and mefenamic acid. 45 cases received 250 mg of chamomile and 45 cases received 250 mg mefenamic acid per 8 hour for two cycles. Data collection tool was questionnaire، and Higam standard test was used to determine bleeding. Data was analyzed by SPSS statistical software (version 16)، and Chi-square test، T-test، Fisher and paired t-test. The amount of bleeding was significantly decreased in both treatment groups compared to pre-treatment (P<0. 05)، but the difference between two groups was not significant (P>0. 05). Decreased amount of bleeding caused by chamomile and mefenamic acid was not different in the second cycle compared to first cycle (P>0. 05). The use of chamomile capsule can decrease hemorrhage in menstruation، so its consumption is recommended to treat this disorder in women.

Sleep disorder is one of the most common problems among postmenopausal women. One of the alternative therapies discussed in this context is aromatherapy that its implementation is simple، easy and relatively with low cost. This study was performed with aim to determine the effect of aromatherapy with lavender on sleep quality of postmenopausal women This double-blind clinical trial study along with control group was performed on 76 postmenopausal women referred to Ahvaz east health care centers in 2014. The subjects were randomly assigned to experimental (N=38) and control (N=38) groups. The experimental group received 2 drops of lavender essence as a cotton ball that was already hung around the neck and they smelled it before sleeping until waking up for 3 consecutive nights in a week for one month، and the control group used placebo containing distilled water in the same way as the experimental group. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was completed at the beginning and end of the study. Data was analyzed using SPSS statistical software (version 19)، and paired t-test، independent t-test، Wilcoxon، and Mann-Whitney. Mean of total score of PSQI was not statistically significant at the beginning of study in the intervention group (9. 29 ± 2. 60) and control group (7. 86 ± 2. 12)، but at the end of the study، a significant difference was observed between the mean of total score of PSQI score in intervention group (3. 9±1. 98) and control group (8. 0 ± 2. 32) (P<0. 001). The results showed the effectiveness of lavender aromatherapy on sleep quality of postmenopausal women.