نشریه قرآن و علم
پیاپی 16 (بهار و تابستان 1394)

Islam has always been keen to observe the Muslims’ dignity and ascendance in all spheres of life including the economy. Production is the key to meet such a principal objective. Thus, Islam has paid serious attention to production and has vigorously invited its followers to get engaged in numerous productive enterprises such as agricultural, livestock, industrial and commercial activities. As such, Islam has invited the Muslims to develop their agricultural, industrial and livestock activities through commercialization of their goods. In order to attain a sustainable growth in production and guarantee the Muslims’ economic self-sufficiecy and needlessness to the goods produced by disbelievers, the Muslims are required to find perfect solutions and methods like setting priorities in production. Hence, the current paper, making use of the Quranic verses and the infallible Imams’ precious traditions, has tried to introduce the production priorities. By application of production priorities the Muslims’ economic growth and independence will be definitely reassured. The paper’s main objective is to appreciate the producers to abide by the production priorities.

The Quran is the book of guidance that brings about every one’s prosperity. To meet this important objective, various branches of knowledge (Sciences) are employed as means of discovering the divine attention. History is one of those sciences and means that has been applied in the Quran in various forms including the historical account of the prophets and the previous nations, the old traditions of ignorant time, the biography the prophet of Islam and the events which took place in the Muslim community. The paper has tried to deal with different opinions raised on the relationship between the Quran and history. Moreover, the writer highlights the historical account of the Quran referring to the historical school of thought on the Quran. As such, he calls attention to the important general and particular foundations of the topic including the methodology of historical interpretation of the Quran in traditional intertextual and the Shahid Sadr’s intra-textual, interdisciplinary and comparative methods. Finally, he sheds light on to the most important topics such as the typology of the historical verses of the Quran, the validity conditions of historical sources that are to be used in interpretation of the Quran, the divine customs and laws and the movement of the history.

The generations of human rights are new formations of development in the international system of human rights. The three generations of human rights, based on particular and similar foundations, were expected to present a comprehensive justification in all human rights’ applications. But the first two generations of human rights could not justify new examples of human rights found in the right to life. Thus, it challenges the universality and development of human rights. Moreover, third-generation human rights does not provide sufficient justification ground to comply with the new rights such as the self-determination right. The current paper having an analytic-comparative method tries to examine the contemporary human rights’ ability whether or not it can establish new foundations on its basis of “individual right and duty”. The author is of the view that the Quranic teachings has the ability to meet these challenges on the one hand and develop the human rights on the other. As such he claims that the Quranic reflection on human’s originality in two individual and collective spheres is a comprehensive foundation and is proportional to the rights declared in the three generations of human rights including the right to life and the right to self-determination.

To depict the overwhelming and unique power of Allah, the glorious Quran refers to the creation and some characteristics of the physical world. This heavenly book explicitly refers to part of creation in the 30th verse of al-Anbiya Chapter where the heavens and earth were interwoven and God has unravelled them, and according to the 47th verse of al-Zariyat chapter the heavens and earth are still expanding. The Quran in the 67th verse of Chapter al-Zumar says: yet the entire earth will be in His fist on the Day of Resurrection, and the heavens, scrolled, in His right hand. The cosmologists while making use of the experimental means and methods have presented different models for the physical world. Based on some cosmological models -like that of Steady State Universe- the world enjoys a stationary form and has never faced changes. Contrary to that, the big bang model of the universe which is also called a standard model of cosmology, claims that the physical world has begun from a violent explosion of an infinitely tiny and infinitely dense point, from where it has been expanding ever since. Part of the physical and cosmological findings and evidence approve of the continuous expansion whereas some other evidence demonstrate contraction and a reversing process. The new findings of cosmological science can better interpret the related topics of the Quran and thus justifies the marvel and even the scientific miracle of these verses.

One of the many ways to recognize God is to know the system of creation. Most of the people seek to know God through his great signs like the heavens and the earth, mountains and rivers. But few people have tried to know God thorough a curious scrutiny into the life of an insect. However, Ant, seems a tiny and trivial creature, but in reality it is one of the wonders of creation. Allah, the exalted, has revealed a chapter under the theme of ant in the Quran showing serious attention to this creature. Allah in this chapter, verse 18th has referred to the ants’ social life and relationship implying that they enjoy perception and understating. Imam Ali (a.s), too, has referred to the marvelous aspects of ants including their morphologic structures, social life, basic management, forward-looking attitude, different stages of their biological life and that how they recognize their specific locations and positions. Today, thanks to the developed science of entomology and to the experts’ recent researches and experiments on the life of ant, the Quran’s and Imam Ali’s views about ant got acknowledged and substantiated

Camel is the only animal the Quran has alarmingly invited the human to contemplate upon its creation and figure out its wonderful characteristics. The paper begins with a brief report on the amazing features of camel and then studies the Quranic verses that have a say about camel. Moreover, the author, considering the latest scientific discoveries, explores every organ of the camel with scrutiny so as to pave the way for realizing the majesty of God, (the creator) and the scientific miracle of the Quran. For The Quran has already stated that “Do they not observe the camel, [to see] how she has been created?” (Chapter al-Ghashiyah/17). The paper has particularly pointed at the exclusive and defining features of camel including her endurance of thirst, equability, being able to stand up with heavy loads, and etc. proving it to a real masterpiece of the creation.