نشریه اندیشه و رفتار در روان شناسی بالینی
پیاپی 36 (تابستان 1394)

Sexual problems and marital satisfaction are related to each other in a complex way. Although multiple Psychogenic and several biological factors have been introduced as the underlying decreased sexual desire in women، years of research has shown that the effect of psychogenic factors is more notable in outbreak of this problem. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on sexual desire and sexual satisfaction in women. For this purpose، in a quasi-experimental study with pretest – posttest along with the control group، 20 women with sexual desire disorder who referred to the psychology clinic were selected، in a purposeful way. They were then assigned into two groups of 10 people each، randomly. The groups were evaluated both at the beginning and end of the study in terms of sexual desire and sexual satisfaction. The experimental group underwent an eight sessions of 45-minute of group cognitive-behavioral therapy. The second group did not undergo any intervention. The results of analysis of covariance indicated that subject’s sexual desire and sexual satisfaction have shown significant difference. Cognitive behavioral therapy appears to be an effective way for improving sexual desire. Therefore the use of this therapy approach is recommended by clinical psychology specialists to people with sexual dysfunction disorder، especially women with decreased sexual desire.

Family environment is the most favorable place for the growth of the child and one’s mental and physical sublimation. The aim of this study was to study family functioning and the role of maternal parenting style in predicting children’s behavioral problems in boys aged 5 to 10 years in Ahvaz city. For this purpose, in a descriptive study, correlational type, 200 mothers were selected among mothers of boys aged 5 to 10 who were at preschool and primary school, in Ahvaz city. They were selected in a form of clustered multi-stage, randomly. They were tested in terms of family functioning, parenting styles and children's behavioral problems. For data analysis correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used. The results indicated that the authoritarian parenting style with mean of 22.33 is among the highest parenting style in mothers. Subscales of communication, emotional companionship, behavioral control and general family functioning had a significant relationship with behavioral problems. Authoritarian parenting style has a positive relationship with hyperactivity disorder and has a negative significant relationship with mood disorder. The result also indicated that permissive parenting style has a positive significant relationship with hyperactivity disorder, behavior, action and separation anxiety and a negative significant with mood disorder. The results indicated that only the subscales of emotional companionship was able to predict separation anxiety disorder. Permissive parenting style was able to predict hyperactivity disorder and separation anxiety, authoritarian style parenting style was able to predict behavior and action disorder and mood disorder, authoritative parenting style was able to predict separation anxiety.

Cancer is one of the most common chronic diseases that affects many people annually. It is often associated with high psychological effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of symptoms of psychological disorders in patients with cancer. To this end, through a descriptive study, 109 cancer patients who had referred to chemotherapy ward of Kamkar Arabnia hospital in Qom city were selected. They were tested in terms of symptoms of psychological disorder. Results indicated that 45 percent of patients had some degree of psychological disorder symptoms. The highest prevalence rate was related to somatization and depression with prevalence rate of 54.54% and the lowest prevalence rate was related to phobia symptoms (30%). The prevalence of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder was higher in patients who were evaluated six months after chemotherapy. Given the high prevalence of symptoms of psychological disorders in cancer patients more measures should be taken to identify domain of psychological disorders and more services related to psychological health should be given to patients.

Having a child that developing a relationship with is difficult, affects the entire family system. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of communication skills training program on parental self-efficacy of mothers, who have children suffering from attention-deficit/hyperactivity. For this purpose, in a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test and control group, 26 mothers of children aged 6 to 12 years with attention-deficit / hyperactivity were selected, in a purposeful way. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups of 13 each. At first, parents were evaluated in terms of self- efficacy, after that the experimental group underwent 8 sessions of communication skills training in which each session lasted 90-minute.At the end, both groups were tested in terms of self- efficacy. The results of analysis of univariate covariance indicated that communication skills training program increased parental self-efficacy in women's of experimental group. There is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in increasing parental self-efficacy variable. It seems, low self-efficacy of mothers with children suffering from attention-deficit / hyperactivity leads them not to have a good feeling in terms of their expectations and their perception of how they can act as a pleasant and effective parent. To enhance these mothers feelings of self-efficacy gaining knowledge and information in the field of effective methods of child care; besides an effective and desirable interaction and communication with their child are needed.

Depression schemas appear in the form of dysfunctional attitude and they are effective at all stages of information and process of information processing, including receiving, code switching and retrieving information from memory and the surroundings. The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric version of children and adolescents scale of dysfunctional attitude among Iranian group of adolescents. To this end, through a descriptive study, 214 adolescents (96 males and 118 females) were tested with DAS-CA dysfunctional attitude scale. Factorial validity of dysfunctional attitude scale was assessed using principal component analysis and internal consistency using cronbach's alpha dysfunctional attitude scale. To study the construct validity, the correlation coefficient between dimensions of the dysfunctional attitude scale was studied with positive emotion. Principal components analysis with Oblimin rotation indicated that dysfunctional attitude scale has been formed of two factor of individual-oriented perfectionism, and community-based perfectionism (the need for social approval). The results of the correlation between dimensions of dysfunctional attitude with positive emotion supports the construct validity of the scale of dysfunctional attitudes, empirically. Values of coefficient internal consistency of dysfunctional attitude scale for individual-oriented perfectionism, and community-based perfectionism are 72.0 and 78.0, respectively. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that dysfunctional attitude scale is a valid and reliable tool for assessing the concept of dysfunctional attitudes in Iranian adolescents.

Eating disorder is a nutrition eating disorder which occurs with voluntary restrictions in eating food. Basically, it has mental and social origin. The aim of this study was to determine the share of self-concept, impulse control and dysmorphia variables on eating disorders. For this purpose, in a descriptive study, 300 people, including 100 patients with eating disorders, 100 patients with high depression (which did not show symptoms of eating disorders), and 100 normal subjects were chosen in a purposive sampling. They were then tested in terms of eating attitudes, self-concept, dysmorphia, fear, emotional intelligence, depression, anxiety and stress. Multiple regression analysis indicated that all the three variables self-concept, impulse control and dysmorphia are involved in eating disorders. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the means of both groups in terms of depression, anxiety and stress and the normal group performed better than the two other groups in terms of behavioral control with true inference of what they are. The results indicated that there is a significant difference between the two groups in terms of depression, anxiety and stress and the mean of the group who had eating disorders is higher. The current findings are debatable in the framework of the phenomenology of psychological factors in eating problems.

Training psychological techniques to families and empowering them to continuous and effective treatment proceedings towards attention deficit hyperactive children (ADHD) is considered as an important and effective step in helping these children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of integrated cognitive-behavior dynamic family-oriented treatment on clinical and executive functions symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. For this purpose, in a quasi-experimental study pretest, posttest along with the control group, 44 children were selected purposefully. They were then assigned into two groups of experiment and control, 22 subjects in each group. The groups were tested in terms of audio, visual functioning and executive functions. Hence, the parent’s children of the experimental group underwent 40 sessions of integrated intervention training. After the completion of the intervention, both groups were again evaluated in terms of audio, visual functioning and executive functions. Mankova analysis results indicated that this treatment plan is effective on clinical symptoms and executive functions of children effected in a meaningful way. This study confirmed the overall effectiveness of integrated cognitive-behavioral program and dynamic family oriented therapy in improvement of ADHD and executive functions in children who are effected.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the structural relationships of anxiety sensitivity, worry and difficulty in regulating emotions with generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder and panic disorder. For this purpose, in a hypothetical structural model plan, which represented a network of direct and indirect relationships between anxiety, worry and difficulty in regulating emotions with generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder and panic disorder, 250 (125 boys and 125 girls) of Tabriz University students were selected by cluster sampling. They were evaluated in terms of sensitivity to anxiety, worry, and difficulty in regulating emotion, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations modeling indicated that sensitivity to anxiety, worry and difficulty in regulating emotions have a profound impact on anxiety disorders. The findings supported the appropriate fitness of hypothetical structure in the variables of study. The current study has provided a useful framework for formation and development of anxiety disorders apart from confirming previous findings and increases our knowledge of the etiology of these disorders.