فهرست مطالب

Galen Medical journal
Volume:4 Issue: 3, 2015

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1394/06/13
  • تعداد عناوین: 11
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  • Ehsan Jangholi, Soheila Yadollah-Damavandi, Yekta Parsa Pages 60-61
  • Naghmeh Sattarahmady, Hossein Heli, Ali Reza Mehdizadeh, Hossein Yarmohammadi, Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi Pages 62-66
    Background
    Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance results in oxidative stress which plays a major role in many diseases. Inhalation of metal-enriched fumes and exposure to electromagnetic fields of welding device could induce oxidative stress in welders. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the level of oxidative stress among welders. Our study is aimed at estimating serum catalase and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in Iranian welders.
    Materials And Methods
    Serum catalase activity and MDA levels were measured in 30 Iranian welders and 30 healthy non-welder subjects via catalase and MDA kit (Abcam).
    Results
    The catalase activity (mU/L) and MDA levels (nmol/mL) were found to be 7.19±2.30 and 0.97±0.55, respectively in welder subjects, 10.73±1.08, and 0.58±0.38 in the control subjects. Catalase activity among welders was significantly lower than the control subjects (P<0.0001). In addition, plasma MDA level was significantly higher in welders, compared to the control subjects (P=0.0028). There was no significant difference between welder subgroups when the catalase activity and plasma MDA levels were compared.
    Conclusion
    This study indicates that oxidant/antioxidant balances alter in Iranian welders. In other words, these results imply that the threshold limit of the resistance of the welder body against oxidative stress and damage has decreased.
    Keywords: Catalase, Oxidative Stress, Reactive Oxygen Species, Malondialdehyde
  • Najmeh Hejazi, Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh, Zohreh Mazloom, Arash Dashtabi Pages 67-74
    Background
    Atherosclerosis is one of the prevalent complications in diabetic patients. Increased free radical levels in diabetes activate stress-sensitive signaling pathway, resulting in this outcome. This study examines the effect of short-term supplementation of vitamin E on different biochemical markers in type 2 diabetic patients to prevent from atherosclerosis.
    Materials And Methods
    In this single-blind placebo controlled trial, 30 type 2 diabetic patients were randomly divided into two groups of study to receive vitamin E (400IU) or identical placebo capsules daily for 6 weeks. Serum level of lipoproteins, glucose, insulin, malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs CRP), pulse rate and blood pressure were measured in fasting and postprandial (after a fatty meal) states before and after six weeks of supplementation.
    Results
    There was not any significant difference in fasting and postprandial lipid profile (Triglyceride, HDL-, LDL- and total Cholesterol), glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR after six weeks of intervention between the two groups. However, results of our study showed a significant decrease in fasting and postprandial MDA levels and postprandial pulse rate and a significant increase in fasting IL-6 in vitamin E group compared to the controls after supplementation. There were no significant differences between the groups in other markers.
    Conclusion
    This study suggests that short term supplementation of vitamin E can reduce oxidative stress in fasting and postprandial states in type 2 diabetic patients and may prevent diabetic complications; in addition, increment of IL-6 after supplementation may play a role in attenuating Type 2 diabetes by anti-inflammatory effects.
    Keywords: Vitamin E Diabetes_Postprandial Period_Oxidative Stress_Inflammation_Atherosclerosis
  • Mohammad Reza Atashzar, Sajad Jalili Pages 75-81
    Background
    Natural killer (NK) cells are a type of cytotoxic lymphocyte. It is revealed that hyperthermia which is used in cancer treatment, increases natural killer cell activity. In this study, our aim was to analyze effects of in-vitro hyperthermia on human Natural Killer cytotoxicity against SW-872 cell line.
    Materials And Methods
    In this study, we used SW-872 liposarcoma cell line as a target cell. Peripheral blood NK cells were isolated from normal individuals by MACS. NK cells were treated at 39°C for 1hr. The expression of CD69 on the surface of NK cells was examined by flow cytometry at different time points including 0, 6 and 12 hrs. NK cell cytotoxicity was measured by LDH assay 12hrs after co-culture with SW-872. The results were compared to the conditions that both NK cells and SW-872 cells were heat treated at 39°C for 12hrs.
    Results
    Our results revealed that cell killing activity of NK cells treated with heating alone was increased 6hrs after heat treatment at 39°C compared with heat-treated NK-target cells co-culture. While in heat-treated NK-target cells co-culture the maximum cytotoxicity was observed 12hrs after heat treatment at 39°C.
    Conclusion
    These results showed that thermotherapy could be a feasible method to stimulate immune response against tumor cells.
    Keywords: Hyperthermia, NK Cell, Immunologic Cytotoxicity, Liposarcoma, SW, 872
  • Seyed Mojtaba Ojaghi, Fahimeh Kamali, Ali Ghanbari, Samaneh Ebrahimi, Ahmad Reza Nematollahi Pages 82-89
    Background
    Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is the most common overuse syndrome in athletes. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of taping and elastic bandage on postural control in athletes with PFPS.
    Materials And Methods
    Fifteen males and 19 females with PFPS participated in this clinical trial study for more than 1 month and were randomly divided into two groups; group 1 was taped based on McConnell method and in group 2 elastic bandage was used. The static postural control in both groups was measured before and after interventions using the force- plate through measuring the center of pressure (COP) and estimation of differences between center of pressure and center of mass (COP-COM moment arms) in AP and ML directions. Moreover, dynamic postural control was measured by star excursion balance test (SEBT). Paired t-test and covariance analysis were used for analysis of the data.
    Results
    Results indicated that after taping reach distances increased significantly (p< 0.05) in anterior, anterolateral, lateral and posterior directions but after elastic bandage reach distances increased in posterior, posteromedial and medial directions. After both taping and bandage, COP and COP-COM moment arm measures did not show significant differences.
    Conclusion
    The findings of this investigation showed that in athletes with patellofemoral pain, taping and elastic bandage improved dynamic postural control. However, dynamic methods are successfully used to assess the effects of taping and bandage on postural control. Static variables compared with dynamic measures potentially lack the ability to detect subtle differences of postural control in athletes with PFPS.
    Keywords: Postural Control, Taping, Bandage, Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
  • Seyed Hamid Seyednezhad Golkhatmi, Samaneh Homayoni, Nour Mohammad Bakhshani, Seyedalireza Sadjadi, Mohsen Saidian Asl Pages 90-99
    Background
    Facial emotion recognition impairment in psychiatric patients such as those with mood disorders and impaired communication skills in these patients is one of the most important issues. The present study aims to evaluate and compare facial emotion recognition among patients with depression, bipolar disorder who experience manic phase and the subjects of the normal group without a diagnosis of a disorder. Moreover, the present study aims to evaluate and compare the relationship between facial emotion recognition ability and communication skills among these patients.
    Materials And Methods
    Participants of this study included 30 patients with depression, 30 patients with bipolar disorder and 30 subjects from a normal group; a total of 90 subjects who were selected using convenience sampling method. PC version of Ekman’s facial emotion test (1976) and Queendom’s interpersonal communication skills test (2004) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using statistical tests of correlation, one way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test.
    Results
    The findings showed that there was a significant difference between facial emotion recognition in patients with mood disorder and the normal group. Moreover, there was a correlation between facial emotion recognition and communication skills among these patients.
    Conclusions
    Based on the results of this study on facial emotion recognition impairment and its significant relationship with communication skills in patients with mood disorder, it can be said that paying attention to them is very important in treating these disorders and reducing the relapse of the disease.
    Keywords: Facial Emotional Expressions, Communication, Interpersonal Skill, Bipolar Disorder, Depression Disorder
  • Afshin Borhani Haghighi, Morteza Khodabakhshi Pages 100-103
    Background
    Title choice will undoubtedly pave the way for the informed readership to either devour a text or just spurn it. Therefore, authors are duly required to have a deep understanding of titling trends and potential inferences to be drawn by their addressees. As a case in point, choosing proper titles for medical articles is a subject of much debate among researchers to such an extent that it is postponed to be written till the finalization of a given manuscript. Titles form expectations, preconceptions, presuppositions and most importantly judgment on reader’s side. Quality highly-cited research papers submitted to the internationally renowned Galen Medical Journal (GMJ) as a true index of Iranian medical journalism covering varied areas of research in both medical and interdisciplinary fields concerning health-related topics, provide a performance benchmark to firstly evaluate titling trends among Iranian authors, secondly to improve writing strategies and finally to meet international standards.
    Materials And Methods
    To conduct this meta-analysis, researchers collected all articles published by GMJ. 100 titles were randomly chosen to be linguistically analyzed by Advanced Text Analyzer software. All data were fed into MC-Excel to recognize any distributional regularity in titling, subconsciously followed by GMJ authors.
    Results
    The meta-analysis of randomly chosen article titles revealed a well-established trend in high Lexical Density standing above 76.67 for all titles indicating author’s frozen style and academic register in their manuscripts. Moreover, Title Length hits 14.34 on average signifying author’s inclination for longer titles. It might negatively impact the whole discourse due to heavy cognitive load. Gunning Fog Index ranging averagely 16.94 estimates at least 17 years of formal education needed to understand a text on first reading with no difficulty. Additionally, introducing poly-morphemic lexical items into author’s title in nearly all cases, owing to their mental load, augments text difficulty.
    Conclusion
    Authors of medical articles can increase their article’s readability through their acquaintance with text mechanics such as lexical density, Gunning Fog Index and Readability criteria. Authors are strongly recommended to shorten title length, introduce fewer poly-morphemic words and utilize highly frequent mono-morphemic lexical items in order to increase article readability.
    Keywords: ARI (Automated Readability Index), Gunning Fog Index, Lexical Density, Title
  • Afsoon Zarei, Tahere Bahrami Shabahrami, Nasrin Dadras Pages 104-111
    Background
    Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is among the important causes of infertility in young women. Premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge (PLS) is one of its complications. PLS can reduce the quality of oocytes and therefore decrease the success of intrauterine insemination (IUI). Letrozole, a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor, prevents LH surge. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effects of letrozole on preventing premature LH surge in clomiphene-resistant patients with PCOS undergoing IUI.
    Materials And Methods
    In this randomized clinical trial, 131 patients who were developed with PCOS were selected for IUI cycle, divided into two groups randomly: control group (n=67) and letrozole group (n=64). Incidence of premature LH surge, pregnancy, abortion and ongoing pregnancy rate, endometrial thickness and number of follicles were measured in both groups.
    Results
    No significant difference was seen between mean ages in the two groups; 11.9% of the control group and 21.9% of the letrozole group became pregnant (P =0.005); furthermore, premature LH surge was seen in 4.7% of the letrozole group and 8.9% of the control group (P =0.003). E2 and Endometrial thickness was higher in letrozole group; however, LH was significantly higher in the control group (P =0.026).
    Conclusion
    Administration of letrozole in clomiphene-resistant patients with PCO undergoing IUI cycle can decrease the incidence of PLS. In addition, it can increase pregnancy rate significantly. Therefore, using letrozole is more reasonable in patients who have not responded to clomiphene or are hypersensitive.
    Keywords: Letrozole, Intra Uterine Insemination (IUI), Luteinizing Hormone, Pregnancy, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
  • Seyyed Mohammad Kazem Hosseini Asl, Ali Darini Pages 112-116
    Background
    Liver cirrhosis is the end stage of liver disease that is caused by various etiologies. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), dyslipidemia and obesity are the most common situations that are seen together with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is frequently asymptomatic and can silently lead to cirrhosis. There are some studies suggesting that NASH might be one of the underlying causes of cryptogenic cirrhosis (CC).
    Materials And Methods
    Two hundred twenty six cirrhotic patients registered in transplantation unit of Namazi Hospital of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences from January 2006 to the last day of June 2014 were selected in two groups of CC and non-CC patients. Age, sex, weight, child class of cirrhosis and presence of T2DM, dyslipidemia and lipid profile were extracted from their records.
    Results
    There was significant difference between prevalence of T2DM and FBS levels among CC and non-CC subjects (P <0.01). Prevalence of T2DM in CC group (38.9%) was more than two times higher than non-CC group (18.6%). On the contrary, the differences between prevalence of dyslipidemia and its laboratory characteristics such as total cholesterol, TG, HDL and LDL were insignificant among both groups (P >0.05).
    Conclusion
    Results showed a higher prevalence of T2DM in subjects with CC but there are some doubts about T2DM being one of the risk factors of CC. Dyslipidemia and its components including TG, LDL, HDL and total cholesterol were not significantly different in CC and non-CC subjects.
    Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus_Dyslipidemia_Cryptogenic Cirrhosis
  • Mitra Basiratnia, Forough Saki Pages 117-121
    Background
    Arthrogryposis-Renal Problems-Cholestasis (ARC) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease mostly presenting with arthrogryposis, renal problems and cholestasis. We present the first report of ARC syndrome in Iran manifested. Case Report: A 4-month-old male infant was admitted in our hospital with jaundice, poor feeding, tachypnea and lethargy. He has a history of congenital limb anomaly in his feet and jaundice on fifth day of birth. Laboratory and imaging studies revealed renal tubular acidosis, nephrocalcinosis and cholestasis. Despite antibiotic therapy, he died at the third day of hospitalization due to sepsis of pseudomonas aeroginosa and Escherichia coli co-infection and upper gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to coagulopathy of liver failure.
    Conclusion
    ARC syndrome has various and rare clinical manifestations such as lower limb congenital anomaly, hypothyroidism, liver failure and nephrocalcinosis.
    Keywords: Lower limb anomaly, Arthrogryposis, Renal Problems, Cholestasis (ARC) syndrome, Hypothyroidism
  • Babak Daneshfard, Milad Hosseinialhashemi Page 122