جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « توسعه پایدار گردشگری » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

Tourism, in most countries, is the main, if not the only, way of development. Therefore, it is important to make sure that tourism is developing in a way that its share in sustainable development become optimised. The current research aims to develop a localized model for tourism sustainable development in Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method used in this research is granded theory analysis and the sample is comprised of experts of tourism industry selected by snowball sampling method. They were interviewed using semi-structured interview. The main result of this research is to develop an integrated of sustainable tourism development model and a network of causal factors (environmental concerns, importance of tourism effects and Iran’s geopolitic aspect), core factors (sustainability of tourism resources, foresight in tourism resources conservation and equity in utilizing the tourism resources), contextual factors (unity and involvement of tourism stakeholders, tourism cultivation, and tourism research and education), structural factors (tourism sense of place, tourism financial management, security and safety in tourism, new science and technologies in tourism and good governance in tourism), administrative factors (tourism planning and policy making, tourism marketing, national environmental resource management, tourism resource management, tourism total quality management and sustainable tourism appraisal and monitoring) and consequencial factors (cultural enrichment of Islamic Iran, tourism resource conservation, tourists’ satisfaction and quality and wellbeing of life).

The epidemic of the corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) in the years 2020 until now (2022) has caused the emergence of critical conditions in the global arena and has transformed the international economic, social and environmental equations. The tourism industry, as one of the most important areas affected by this crisis, is experiencing new conditions due to the restrictions and quarantines imposed at the international, national and local levels, which have led to new opportunities, challenges and threats. Currently, due to the continuation of the restrictions caused by the Corona epidemic in Iran, inter-provincial travel has been announced as limited and prohibited, and in this situation, local tourism has become the focus of many people's attention as a cheap, accessible and desirable option. The aim of the current research is to investigate the motivations of local tourism (urban-rural) during the Corona epidemic with a qualitative approach, with the help of the grounded theory method. The studied population were Mashhad tourists who had at least five local tourism trips (urban-rural) in 2018 and 2019. The sample size of the research was conducted using the two criteria of "diversity" and "reaching the theoretical saturation point" with 44 semi-structured interviews. The interviews were fully implemented and then the open, central and selective codes were counted. The findings of this research indicate that the underlying conditions of attracting tourists to local tourist destinations during the Corona pandemic were "meeting relatives and taking care of personal affairs" and "accommodation in ecotourism resorts". Also, the intervening conditions were "nature tourism experiences" and "village tourism experiences", causal conditions, "corona stress and health issues" and "visiting cultural-historical attractions", strategies "physical organization of local tourism spaces", ecological revitalization of the environment" and " Reconstruction of the rural fabric" and the consequences, "diversification of the rural economy", "protection of the village environment", "giving identity to the village body" and "relaxation and mental and physical healing of tourists" have been. Based on this, the paradigm model of the current research was presented and some suggestions were made.

The tourism ecosystem is recognized as a factor of economic prosperity and environmental protection, and a sustainable tourism ecosystem ensures the equitable distribution of opportunities for future generations. The present study aimed to identify the factors affecting the sustainable tourism ecosystems using a Meta Synthesis approach. In this study, 39 studies related to the subject have been extracted from various scientific databases since 1994-2020, which have been examined using the seven-step model of Sandelowski and Barroso. By analyzing their content, the relevant concepts and categories were extracted and the importance and priority of the concepts were determined using the Shannon entropy method. The categories of human capital education, culture, personal characteristics, networking and markets, investment and financing, legislation and policies and infrastructure are the most important factors affecting the sustainable tourism ecosystems, respectively.

Extended AbstractIntroductionThe city of Mahmoudabad, as one of the tourist destinations in northern Iran, has become very important due to its coastal and special tourist location. In recent years, the reason for the physical development of the city is due to the role and function of tourism in this destination and has led to the development of several human settlements in the city. Due to the many tourist attractions and investments in recent years, this city needs to move towards sustainable tourism development. However, due to the natural hazards caused by floods in this region and the creation of environmental hazards due to tourism development, it is necessary to pay attention to increasing social resilience in this city and taking advantage of its benefits for sustainable tourism development in Mahmudabad. According to this necessity, in the present study, the main question of the research is posed as follows:-What effect do the social components of urban resilience have on the sustainable tourism development in the city of Mahmudabad? MethodologyThe present study is part of applied and descriptive-analytical researches in terms of purpose and method, respectively. Also, a questionnaire was used to collect information. The questions were designed using a five-point Likert scale based on strongly agree to strongly disagree. The statistical population of this study includes all experts and officials in the field of urban and tourism of Mahmudabad city and 80 employed people of Mahmudabad city municipality in 2020 and due to the small sample size, the entire statistical population was selected as a sample by census sampling method. Also, to measure the research variables, questionnaires of social dimensions of urban resilience and sustainable tourism development were used. Indicators of research questionnaires obtained from related studies and research background. Then, they were localized based on the research conditions and the studied city. In this research, in order to achieve the goals, structural equation modeling in SMART PLS software has been used.Results and discussionFindings showed that the social resilience of the city has a significant effect on the sustainable development of tourism. The value of the obtained t-statistic is equal to 11.248 so that this value is higher than 1.96 and the research hypothesis is confirmed, and it can be concluded that the social resilience of the city has a significant effect on the sustainable development of tourism. Also, the obtained path coefficient is equal to (β = 0.689), since the obtained path coefficient is positive, this relationship is direct. Therefore, it can be said that the social resilience of the city has a positive and significant effect on the sustainable development of tourism.Concerning the component of institutional trust, urban social resilience has a significant effect on the sustainable development of tourism. The value of the obtained t-statistic is equal to 5.824 so that this value is higher than 1.96. Also, the obtained path coefficient is equal to (β = 0.163). The component of urban social resilience awareness has a significant effect on sustainable development. The value of obtained t-statistic is equal to 2.158 so that this value is higher than 1.96. Also, the obtained path coefficient is equal to (β = 0.194). The place attachment component of urban social resilience has a significant effect on the sustainable development of tourism. The value of obtained t-statistic is equal to 3.448 so that this value is higher than 1.96. Also, the obtained path coefficient is equal to (β = 0.222). The component of urban social resilience participation has a significant effect on sustainable tourism development. The value of the obtained t-statistic is equal to 5.999 so that this value is higher than 1.96. Also, the obtained path coefficient is equal to (β = 0.188), since the obtained path coefficient is positive for the dimensions of urban social resilience, the effect of the mentioned dimensions is direct. ConclusionThe findings of the test of research hypotheses showed that the social resilience of the city has a positive effect on the sustainable development of tourism in Mahmudabad. In fact, social resilience in the touristic city of Mahmudabad has been able to contribute to the further sustainability of tourism through social preparation and strengthening the social structure of this destination. Based on the general results of this research, it can be claimed that a destination can be sustainable, creative, attractive, memorable, etc., which is a resilient destination and keeps safe residents and visitors form hazards. By setting resilience as a goal in tourism cities such as Mahmudabad, destinations can design a model by which decision-makers and stakeholders of tourism destinations, while understanding the emerging risks, take actions to achieve it, in order to prevent the vulnerability of communities and urban destinations to natural disasters. Accordingly, nowadays, the discussions and concerns about the risks and factors threatening the development of tourism systems, have received serious attention. Facing planners and activists in the tourism sector with such crises caused the inclusion of tourism development programs to become an analytical and important issue. Based on this finding, it can be said that while tourism has many positive effects and is expanding day by day, the events and dangers that threaten it need to be considered. And what is important here is that there should always be a coherent system for supporting, planning and managing tourism in times of crisis and before a crisis occurs. Especially a category such as tourism, which depends on several elements, which each of them can be irreversible and irreparable shock.

Sustainable development is the ultimate of tourism industry and one of its objectives in the 21st century. Cultural tourism can lead to irreparable consequences and unsustainability if planned and managed poorly; and hence the importance of studying its performance and consequences at different tourism destinations. Numerous studies have been done on the consequences of sustainable tourism development in cultural destinations. However, no comprehensive study that includes all these factors and identifies their relationships has been presented. Adopting a holistic perspective, this study aims to identify the consequences of cultural tourism sustainable development and develop a model of their relationships. This study is performed using an explorative mixed method. In its qualitative phase, 43 primary codes were identified via a systematic meta-synthesis analysis, which were grouped into 3 minor and 3 major categories of tourists, host community, and the environment. Employing a fuzzy Delphi method and an interpretative structural modeling approach at the quantitative phase, the identified indexes were converted to fuzzy values and their relationships were discovered and analyzed entirely. In order to use the opinions of 11 cultural tourism experts in modeling, a questionnaire was used. The experts were selected purposively using a snowball sampling technique. The study results led to the categorization of sustainable tourism development at cultural destinations and a six-level model accordingly. Finally, the model is interpreted and its levels and the relationships among its dimensions are analyzed; and suggestions are made for sustaining the positive consequences and preventing from the negative ones at cultural destinations.

Sustainable development of tourism requires a future studies approach. Given the nature of sustainability and the complexity of the open tourism system and its impact from trends, events, and changes (known as drivers), such an approach can identify, understand, and analyze the complexities and the operating drivers. This applied research with a descriptive-analytical method and a prospective exploratory approach identified the most important drivers that would affect the sustainable development of Awraman (Kurdistan, Iran) rural tourism. To identify the drivers, we used the Delphi technique and selected 38 experts. The MicMac software was used to find the relationships and their impacts and effectiveness. The results showed that the tourism system of the region would follow an unstable development. In such a situation, the aggregated drivers of economic, institutional, and environmental indicators would be more effective than social drivers. The most effective driver would be an inappropriate business environment, while a culture of self-employment and entrepreneurship would be the most influential driver in the sustainable development tourism for the region.
 

Tourism is regarded as a dynamic, diverse and clear activity as well as one of the growing parts in national economy system of countries. As a multi-dimension activity, tourism has many positive effects such as job creation, income acquisition, foreign exchange attraction as well as strengthening infrastructure. After oil industry and automation industry, tourism is the third source of income in the world. In spite of appropriate potential, Iranian tourism industry has not been able to reach an acceptable share in national income computation. As an attractive city, Khorramabad has created tourism potential and valuable inheritance, as a sustainable development pilot of tourism with global ID and an appropriate possibility for urban sustainable development based on tourism. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the factors influencing sustainable tourism development in Khorramabad in order to help tourism industry development and change the city into a competitive and sustainable international tourism destination. This research was an applied study with strategic developmental design. In this article, the factors affecting khorramabad tourism were firstly identified and the relative importance of key strategic factors was determined using Delphi method. Analyzing the identified factors, 14 factors with the highest important in tourism development of Khorramabad were selected. Then, using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), the relation between tourism development and these factors was analyzed and the factors were ranked

Tourism in Iran has undergone many ups and downs in line with political changes. Reviewing the upper documents and plans show how important is tourism sustainable development in Iran. In this research, sustainable development of tourism in Five-Year Economic, Social and Cultural Development Plans of Iran has been studied. By applying the grounded theory in the form of a model of causative factors, predisposing factors, intermediary factors, strategies and development implications, sustainable tourism has provided a general picture of these plans. From the above mentioned plans, 80 propositions were selected using the theoretical sampling method and 374 initial concepts (open source) were identified by coding them. Then, by considering the content sharing of open source, 47 sub categories and 18 major categories were produced. The contribution of this research, compared with other previous studies, is identification of a process sustainable tourism development model for Iran along with the causal conditions, context conditions, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences. According to the model, the main categories are: causal conditions (environmental concerns and geopolitical position of Iran), the core phenomenon (sustainable development of tourism), context conditions (tourism stakeholders participation, education and research), intervening conditions (tourism sense of place, financial management, safety and security, modern technology and good governance), strategies (tourism management and planning, marketing, green management, carrying capacity, sustainable transport management, control and supervision) and consequences (cultural richness, conservation of tourism resources and well-being and quality of locals life) have been linked in a paradigmatic framework.

Tourism as a growing industry in the service sector in the changing social and economic conditions of countries. one of the forms of tourism, urban tourism. Urban tourism is one of the highest paid in the current era, yet soon the most efficient types of tourism. The concentration of capital, population and resources in cities as a strong economic attraction in most developed countries will be pursued. So that the income of urban tourism than most other sectors more.Urban tourism as an important factor for sustainable development of cities considered because of the emphasis on internal resources and capabilities cities, the development of the city provides. In this case, many developed countries have resorted to this kind of policy. On the other hand population pressure on cities, causing environmental problems, social and cultural rights has been developed that has created many challenges for governments.urban tourism development by improving quantitative and qualitative aspects of executive management activities with a maximum output of one of the most important cities in the era now. In this regard, the present study attempts to examine the concept of urban tourism and its role and importance in the development of their cities to provide a sustainable pattern of development in the cities the cities benefiting from the operating beam, and relies on your ability to achieve sustainable development. The aim of the present study, development and application of descriptive - analytical is that after describing the role and importance of urban tourism by studying documents and library, with the potential and challenges of the present and the future and ways to reach the goals outlined in Lahijan city and it has been discussed by the experts. In order to address the issue of Meta- SWOT model is used. The results show a high variation component recreation and tourism centers in the city, has the highest strategic fit as well as elements of economic recovery country has the highest influence on targets in the field of sustainable tourism development are Lahijan city. The results also show that the city of Bandar Anzali as the biggest Competitor regional city rival.

City Rivers are a part of urban natural body and the bed of linking of urban life to nature. Construction of buildings in nearness of rivers and even on their beds, unbalanced natural process in them. Planning for them as the places of leisure and tourism, can contribute to the improvement of environmental conditions and tourism prosperity. Although the City Rivers can supply many needs in the cities, failing appropriate planning they will be one of potentials for floods. Herein there should be plans which preserve the balance of these ecosystems, the integrity of these natural corridors and their correlations with the cities. Urban tourism consists of each recreational activities that have been done in cities. The cities are not only the regional economic, cultural and political centers but also the regional tourism centers. Today people work harder because of insecurity of jobs and they prefer short trips to a long holiday. So they want the destinations that are accessible. City Rivers can be one of the centers where people can use for their leisure time. This research, based on the studies on Farahzad City River in Tehran, is going to assess the roles of city river restoration in developing of urban tourism. The type of the research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical and correlation. Our Statistical society is people who visit the area for recreation. Because of the lack of a clear framework and lack of accurate statistics, the number of samples based on consultation with a number of professors, 350 were selected. Required information was collected through the library studies, direct observations, interviews and questionnaires. The main tool for data collection was a researcher-designed questionnaire. The data collected through questionnaires after coding and transferring to the SPSS software were analyzed. For analyzing them, statistical methods such as Mean, Percent, Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Correlation and Simple Linear Regression Tests have been used. The results of the study show the restoration of Farahzad City River has contributed to urban tourism prosperity and has developed it. Nevertheless, field observations and interviews show sustainable urban development hasn’t emerged yet.

Tourism relies heavily on visitors and tourist spots; hence, it cannot exist out of a community. As a result, tourism and local communities should be attended equally at once, and based upon sustainable tourism principles, considerations should be taken to practice empowerment and distribution of power in related communities. Therefore, current research is about to assess the capacity attributes of the local communities neighboring the Pasargadae Special Tourism Area, and seek out the answer to the following question: How much is the capacity of the aforesaid local communities, for sustainable development of tourism? The statistical population of the current study included all the related official and non-official scholars, authorities and local leaders of Pasargadae district in the second half of 2012. The survey instrument was a questionnaire developed by the researchers. After the reliability and validity of the questions were confirmed, by reckoning the sample size through the Cochran’s formula, a total of 68 questionnaires were distributed in the January of 2012, using stratified random sampling method. In order to answer the research questions, tests such as the Population Mean were performed. According to the resulting outcome, the condition of local communities’ capacity for sustainable tourism development is not approvable and is even lower than the average level.