جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سالک جلدی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is a significant endemic diseases in Iran, leading to skin lesions, lifelong scars, and social stigma. This study aims to investigate the influence of climatic and ecological factors on the prevalence of cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Iran.

This study employed a narrative review approach. A comprehensive search was conducted using key terms such as 'skin Leishmaniasis', 'cutaneous Leishmaniasis', 'climatic factors,' and 'environmental factors' in both national and international databases. All relevant research was included without limitations on location, time, or research methodology.

The initial search yielded 823625 articles. After refining the search keywords and conducting initial screening, 184 studies remained following the removal of duplicate articles. Subsequent screening for eligibility further narrowed down the selection to 30. The inclusion of 6 master theses brought the final number of studies for review to 36. A review of the studies showed a significant association between certain climatic factors, including temperature, humidity, hours of sunshine, and rainfall, and the incidence of cutaneous Leishmaniasis, across various geographical regions in the country. The relationship between factors such as vegetation, wind, and the number of disease cases had different results in different parts of the country.

The results of the present study show the effect of climatic and environmental factors on the rate of cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the country. Considering that the effect of these factors is not the same in all parts of the country, it is necessary to implement effective preventive measures to reduce the disease burden according to the needs of each geographical area.

World Health Organization recommends and supports studies about leishmaniasis as one of the six major tropical and subtropical diseases. Iran is one of countries with relatively high infection rate of cutaneous leishmaniasis, so, the purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiological status of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kermanshah province, western Iran.

In a cross-sectional study, we investigated the records of all patients with leishmaniasis positive smears between 2011 and 2019 in Kermanshah province. Annual rate of the disease was calculated according to the data obtained from Statistical Center of Iran.

There were 1946 patients with leishmaniasis, including 1477(75.9%) men. The prevalence of leishmaniasis in Kermanshah province was 15.4 in 100,000 people. The prevalence of the disease in men and women was 23.4 and 7.42, respectively. Annual pattern of infection showed that in men the incidence rate was higher between November and January and lower in June, but no specific seasonal pattern was seen in women. The most common lesions were observed in hands and then the foot with an upward trend in recent years (P<0.001). But the trends for number of lesions in the head and body remained unchanged (P=0.7).

According to the seasonal pattern of cutaneous leishmaniasis especially in men and its relationship with their career, educational programs and trainings are recommended to prevent sandfly bites.

Cutaneous leech is one of the six major diseases and an example of epidemic diseases in tropical regions. Prevalence and spread of this disease is affected by environmental factors and climatic conditions as well as economic, social and cultural issues. In this research, Analytic Hierarchy Process and network analyzes are used to prepare susceptible cutaneous leeches map. Considering high incidence of cutaneous leech in Khuzestan province, Izeh city was selected as a case study.
For this purpose, the number of patients affected by this disease in Izeh was obtained from the Provincial Health Center from 2009 to 2014. Information layers of elevation, rainfall, temperature, humidity, distance from river, distance from rural areas and land use were identified as effective parameter and their maps were prepared in GIS environment. Parameters were compared in pairs by using AHP and ANP and weight of each factors determining their impacts was calculated in Expert Choice and Super Decision software. Then these parameters were combined based on their obtained weights in ArcGIS software and the final cutaneous leech map was prepared. Evaluation of these methods was performed using relative operation curve (ROC) and 16 points related to leech disease.
The results of weighting effective parameters using AHP and ANP showed that the highest weight is related to elevation, temperature and rainfall parameters, respectively. The results of ROC assessment showed that in preparing the map, ANP had an accuracy of 87.8% and AHP had an accuracy of 68.9%.
The results of ANP showed that this model had suitable accuracy in preparing susceptible cutaneous leech map and AHP had moderate accuracy in preparing susceptible cutaneous leech map.

Because of the diversity in biological conditions on areas with high prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis, providing a specific way for controlling disease in all areas is not impractical, so anselection of appropriate disease prevention method for preventing diseases should be selected regardingaccording to the special conditions of each area. This study investigated the effect of physical environment conditions conditions based on the prevalence of cetaceous leishmaniasis in hyperendemic areas in Mashhad, Iran. This census study, with a survey of 2,491 households, were carried out by applying a checklist and observations to evaluate the physical environment conditions and epidemiological factors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in hyperendemic areas in Mashhad in 2012. Data analysis was done with SPSS11.5 software by Chi-square test, and Pvalue less than 0.5 was considered significant. The highest prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis was in age group of 10-29 years, in students, college students and housewives people. Poor sanitation, existence of unused land and construction debris near the house and inappropriate yard floor covering (, by creating the suitable circumstances for proliferation sandflies), had a significant relationship with prevalence of leishmaniasis. Building Cconstruction site near the people residence by itself didwas not show a significant difference in patients groups and healthy individuals If there is no accumulation of construction debris, construction by alone have not important effect ion increasing leishmaniasis. Public education. itself has no important effectPublic notification for increasing the awareness of residents of in hyperendemic areas about physical environment risk factors and training of environmental health actions such as rapid collection removal of construction debris and suitable yard flooring can lead to lower prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis with the intervention in sandflies living place.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis as a public health problem in most countries throughout the world, mainly in tropical and subtropical areas is common. Iran is among the countries where the disease is endemic and in the southern region of the province of Fars, it has been observed at the utmost prevalence. This paper is concerned about some climatic parameters with the prevalence of the disease in the city of Larestan. This study is an applied research in correlational design in which library techniques were employed. Data collection was conducted on the paraclimate, rainfall, temperature, relative humidity and sunshine hours during the period 1390-1382 from the weather station of Larestan and related information of the patients from the health center during this period. Statistical analysis was done using Excel and SPSS software. The highest prevalence of the disease has occurred in the months of January and February. Climatic parameters of rainfall and relative humidity had inverse correlation with the prevalence of disease. However, temperature and sunshine hours showed a direct relationship with the prevalence of disease. Larestan city due to a hot and dry climate has provided the foundation for the outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the area. Actually, climatic parameters such as precipitation, relative humidity, temperature and sunshine hours engage in the prevalence of disease.