فصلنامه خانواده پژوهی
پیاپی 42 (تابستان 1394)

This study has been conducted to investigate the prevalence and types of violence against women in the family and social factors affecting domestic violence. The study has been conducted with survey on 384 married women in Ardabil who have been in marital bond for at least one year. Given the social and economic heterogeneity of Ardabil city, a multistage sampling technique was used. It was revealed that obedience of wife about her role in the family, assumed male dominant role in the family and separation of male and female gender roles in the family have direct and significant impacts on violence and family living, religiosity of women and education of women and men have a significant impact on violence against women. Based on the results, the independent variables in the multiple regression explain %45/6 of the dependent variable. Socially accepted gender roles (considered obedient wife, assumed the role of male dominance and separation of gender roles) have the highest impact on violence against women in the society.

We studied the reasons of couples’ sexual infidelity in family courts. As such, 42 participants were selected with a purposive sampling method and were interviewed through a semi-structured interview, juridical testimonies, and also interviewed by judges in charge for the case in order to find out why they had had extra marital sexual relationships. Finally, data were analyzed with conventional content analysis. Results illustrated that the three main factors of sexual infidelity were interpersonal, spousal, and social relationships. It was hard to infer that real sexual intimacy solely could explain application for divorce. In addition, findings indicated that men react to the sexual infidelity aggressively and sued for divorce but women had intertwined behaviors. Meanwhile, women apply for divorce after 6 months, providing evidencethat the sexual infidelity has repeated. This underlines the fact that providing marital consultation before marriage help couples in order to avoid marriage break up later. So, is seems necessary in legal proceedings to take steps to understand the phenomenon in a social context and provide better social health services.

Although the stigmatization of mental illness is a long-recognized issue, yet little is known about how the problem manifests differently across cultures. The aim of this study was to account for cultural differences in describing the experience of stigma in relatives of psychiatric patients at psychiatric ward. Qualitative data were obtained based on responses to 10 open-ended questions about stigma experience in 25 participants. The impact of stigma was rated by two encoders. The content analysis of data revealed few various categories describing caregivers’ perceptions of stigma. Main categories include: concealment, limitations, genetic attribution, and traditional beliefs in society about patient, godsend andacceptance, burden, importance of gender differences in stigma of illness. Patients with psychiatric disorders and their families suffer from stigma with an astoundingly broad range of negative attributes which may interfere with various aspects of their life. Concealment and limitations are common experience in families. Publicizingstigma experience could help modifying stigmatizing attitudes in society which may lead to healthier reactions from patients, and will enhance the course of illness.

This study seeks to examine the relationship between family power structure of man-powered and the fam -ily function. The sample consisted 170 teachers selected by cluster sampling method that is in Nurabad city, Lorestan. In this research, FAD 45- item questionnaire of family functioning and 36-item questionnaire of family power structure were used. This research represents a quantitative correlation. The Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression. The research findings showed a significant positive relationship between family power structure of man-powered and family function style (general function of family, emotions, problem solving), but the relationship between the power structure of man-powered and role was not significant. Furthermore, the power structure (How to apply power), as far as male authority in family is concerned, explained approximately %10 of the variance of family function. Accordingly, Male authority strengthened family function.

This study examined the role of family communication patterns (conversation and conformity orientation) to predict frequency and intensity of parent adolescent conflict. Participants included 189 students (37 girls and 116 boys) selected from Birjand high schools. The measures of study include Asadi Younsi Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire (2011) and Koerner and Fitzpatrick Revised Version of Family Communication Patterns Instrument (2002). Alpha Cronbach were calculated to examine reliability of the measures. Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis were performed for the data analysis. Results indicated: A) conversation orientation was a negativepredictor of intensity conflict in girls and boys; B) conformity orientation was significant and positive predictor of intensity conflict in boys. Thus the importance of education in the field of adolescent behavior and interac-tion with parents and families to im-prove the quality of communication skills can be a deterrent in reducing conflicts between parents and Adolescents.

The present research was performed to evaluate the relationship between family communication patterns (conversation and conformity) with the self -concept (academic, social, physical & valuable). The research sample included 192 secondary school students of Shiraz city (95 girls & 97 boys) who were selected with cluster random sampling method. The data collected by the revised questionnaire of family Communication Patterns (Koerner & Fitzpatrick) and self-concept scale (Mandaglio & Pyryt). The results showed that the family communication of the conversation pattern predicts a positive and meaningful concept for all aspects of self-concept pattern, whereas conformity pattern cannot predict self-concept pattern, significantly. Also, the highest correlation between variables of family and self-concept relationship, belongs to the relationship between valuable selfconcept and conversation in the girls group, and the relationship between physical self-concept and conversation in boys. So, it can be said that familyoriented conversation increases selfconcept and adjustment of children.

Family is complex and intertwined system that its relationships are shaped by member's interactions. Healthy communication is vital to raise a family. The aim of present research is to investigate the mediating effect of triangulation between parental overt hostility and behavioral problems in adolescents. 900 students (450 daughters and 450 mothers) were selected through acidental cluster sampling. They completed Triangulation-Adolescent and Parent-Questionnaires, OLeary-Porter Overt Hostility Scale and Youth Self Report (YSR) based on Achenbach System of Empirically Assessment. Path analysis was used for analyzing data. Mediating effect of triangulationbetween parental overt hostility and internalizing problems were not observed completely but partially. It is suggested that couples keep away their teens during marital problems and conflicts and manage to properly regulate emotions and stress parents are less involved.