نشریه سفینه
پیاپی 18 (بهار 1387)

Creation of the souls of mankind before the creation of their bodies, or coincident. withe it, are from the issues that have attracted the attention of the Shia scholars, with regards to the Islamic traditions that have talked about the creation. In the light of the said traditions, in this part of the article, the thoughte and views of the scholars of last century, in a chronological manner, from Seyed Ismail Tabarsi to Muhammad Asef Mohseni, are provided and briefly reviewed.The study shows that some of them have accepted the theory of coincident creation of soul and body, and therefore, have interpreted the traditions indicating advance creation of souls. The others have accepted the literal meaning of the traditions, and acknowledged that advance creation of souls is a reasonable case.

This article is a collection of the answers of the well-Known writers and intellectuals (Ayatullah Taskhiri, Seyed Mohammad Baqer Hojatti, Mohammad Reza Hakimi, and Shaikh Morteza FarajPour) To the following Questions: 1. The role of the words and traditions of the religions infallible leaders in recognition and understanding Islam; 2. The value and position of the book "Kafi" in the Shia culture;3. The purposes of the late shikh Kolaini in compilation of Kafi';4. The necessity of introduction and propagation of Kolaini & Kafi;5. The fields and requirements of research in and about Kafi.According to the answers of the above scholars, the respected book of kafi is a concise collection of the words and traditions narrated from the holy Imams. The right and correct words and traditions quoted from the holy prophet and infallible Imams, are the main and general explanations about the Quran.Kafi is the first collection of the Islamic Shia traditions which can fairly referred to as "comprehensive". Necessify for traditions in Islam is a real and serious need. The man's mind and reason is the internal divine guide. Through the guidance of man's reason we evaluate and find the external divine guide(s). (The holy Prophets).The necessity to the traditions of the holy Prophet and the infallible Imams is essential for understanding Islam.All of the prominent Shia scholars have affirmed the greatnes and high status of the book Kafi, and have repeatedly respected its author. pay attention to Kafi means revival of the Islamic thoughts and teachings, and providing the pure Islam to the human communities, that is a great presentation to the science and culture.

There is a disagreement among the Muslim Philosophers inwhich wether "will" is an attribute of the "nature" or "acts" of the Almighty God. Mostly it is believed that it is one of the inherent attributes of God. But the well known Shia scholarsolaini, Mofid, Qazi saeid, Majlesi, and Tabatabai have considered "will" as an "act" of God. The criteria for such attributes have been "eternal existance" or "Creation". Some of the Divine attributes, that have been mentioned in "Kafi" as acts of God are Intention, will, wrath, satisfaction and anger. In this essay the traditions about the divine "intention" and "will" are studied and discussed. These two attributes are regarded as synonyms, or very similar. Divine's "Intention" ("will") occurs time to time; so it can not be an eternal and preexisting attribute of God. Again the criterion of Kolaini in recognition of the Divine preexisting attributes and acted attributes, and position. of "will" from the viewpoints of the Muslim philosophers and Theologists, according to the definitions and standards expressed by the scholars Kolaini and Allamah Majlesi, is explained.

One of the important issues in Theology is the category of the God's characteristics and adjectives, and the difference(s) between the eternal attributes, and the attributes related to God's acts.The late Kolaini has mentioned 7 traditions about the God's attributes in chapter Tawheed - oneness of God - of his book, Kafi. As a result of the importance of the contents of those traditions. the great next scholars such as Mulla Saleh Mazandarani, Allamah Majlesi, and Mulla Sadra have tried to explain the contents of the traditions and the comments of Kolaini thereunder.In this essay, after quotation of the statements of Kolaini, the explanations of the commentators are evaluated.At last, the writer has provided his findings from the words of Kolaini. By this, you understand the reason and correctnes. By this, you understand the reason and correctness of kolaini in differentiation the eternal and created (acted) attributes of the Almighty God.

By considering the chains of narrators of the traditions provided in the well known book of "Osoul Al-Kafi", we observe a long list of the reputable traditionists, who are supposed to be more than 37 persons. In this article they are shortly introduced, in an alphabetical order, according to their nicknames from Ibne Babe wayh to yahya attar. under the name of every traditionist, the number of traditions he has related, his teachers and previous narrators and some other brief information are provided.The traditionists are classified into 2 groups: less active and more active groups.Less active group includes those whom shaikh kolaini has related few traditions. On the other hand, the members of active group are those, from whom shaikh kolaini has related frequent traditions.Ibne Ba bewagh, Abi Bakr Jabbal, Ali bin Mousa, and Hasan Bin khafif are from the first group and Ibne Idris, Hamid Bin ziyad, Mohammad Bin Yahya, and Ali Bin Mohammad al-kolaini are in the second group

The Late Kolaini has discussed the subject of "Divine knowledge of the Infallible holy Imams" in an extensive part of his valuable book, that include 93 chapters, containing 364 tradtions. Those traditions, directly or in directly, talk about the knowledge, authority, infallibility, and respectfulnes (being obeyed) of the holy Imams. The Practical and verbal authority of the Imams, which is resulted from the (Light of) knowledge, will settle the disputes. The Divine gifted confidence, that appears through the granted knowledge, has an important role in unerring and infallibility. It goes without saying that infallibility is not possible without the extensive and comprehensive Divine Knowledge. since it is compulsory on the believers to obey the holy Imams, so it is necessary for the Imams to be deposited with the knowledge.The divisions and classification of the 364 traditions are shown in a table. All the titles of the 93 chapters about the knowledge of the holy Imams are provided regularly. The main titles of the index are as below:1. General characteristics of an infallible Imam;2. The characteristics of an infallible Imam from a scientific view; 3. The characteristics of the Infallible Imam's Knowledge in relation to his Imammate (Divine Leadership);4. The sources of the knowledge of the Infallible Imam; 5. The domain of the Imam's Knowledge;

The approach of the author of this article was to study the related issues to Qurlan cited in two chapters of Usul Al-kafi written by shaikh Al-kolaini: Beliefs and concepts inferred from holy Quran, cherishing feelings in Quran, picturing a behavior-model by Quran. The emphasis in the first issue is on "The unity of God" and "the results of this belief true understanding". in the second issue, the human feelings in the light of Quran is pictured. The third issue specifies to introduce the criteria for human interactions on the basis of Quran. At the end, the doubt of distorting Quran by shaikh al-Sadoug is discussed and its falsness is clarified.