فصلنامه مشرق موعود
پیاپی 39 (پاییز 1395)

Messianic ideas are illuminating the path ahead of Shiism in the Era of Occultation. In addition, the design of the idea from the Shiite Prophet and the Imams, have been in line with the social conditions and problems. Finding the components of this plan in the words of each of the Infallible Imams can be enlightening the conditions and challenges of the age and lay out the general plan of Imams for the Era of Occultation.
This study aims to achieve messianic ideas by directly investigating the words remained from each of the Infallible Imams. The content analysis of these statements as regards the conditions of issuance as well as its topical categorization would determine the plan of each Imam for its age and in all demonstrate his plan for social conditions and challenges of era and the general plan for the era of Absence of the Imam Mahdi.
The findings from the life and sayings of Imam Javad suggest that by accepting his leadership at an early age, a great change happened in the Shiite outlook to them in the public mind, far beyond the 'Abrar Ulema' (the fine and righteous scholars) community, and upgraded him at the level of ' Almstfyn Alakhyar' ( purified great scholars). This set the scene and good precedence reasonable grounds to for the acceptance the Imamate of Imam Mahdi in childhood and in Absence period. Moreover, Imam Javad could speak more openly of his Imamate with the lessening pressure of 'Taghie' and discuss the challenges ahead. However, his son, Imam Hadi could not as easily talk about and plan ahead for the path to Occultation Era because of the increasing pressure of 'Taghie'. Yet, in all, strengthening the 'Vekala' (Imam's representation) organization and specifying the superintendence until the time of Occultation has caused the social and organizational strength required for safe passage of the Occultation Era.

The discussion of waiting is one of the most discursive issues as regards Mahdavi discussions. It is important so as the move towards Islamic nation has become a major concern of leaders of Islam and Muslim scholars. This ideal can be realized by focusing on common beliefs and concentrating on them. In this paper, the relationship between formation of the government of the Promised Imam Mahdi who is the promised one for Muslims is studied with Islamic Ummah and how this very important social element of Muslims is realized in the Muslim community.

Considering the messianic ideas and topics from the angle of "identity studies", provides a capacity for this thought to come into presence in studies in humanities and social sciences. This study aims to find a proportion between the theoretical issues of civilization and Mahdism, from the angle of "identity studies". The civilization creating cultures, in order to achieve the level of civilization, need to a have "civilizational identity" that helps their respective "birth of civilization". "Civilizational identity," can be based on an informed belief of a nation who feels a historical mission and responsibility to create a civilization.
Civilizational identity in the minds of Shiite messianism can be formed on the horizon and of Mahdism, as a part of the doctrine are trying to create such identities. The main objective of this study was to consider how to achieve the requirements of civilizational identity in Mahdavi horizon. Its basic requirements include elements such as social unity, historicity, esteem and otherness.

Expecting the promised savior is the common teaching of most religions and has a pivotal role in all religions, as well as or alongside the teleology. Thus, the doctrine of the Messiah and teleology concern of theologians and thinkers and scholars in the West. In addition to the religious needs and beliefs, social and political changes that we see in the contemporary world, has given a special importance to the phenomenon of expecting the promised saviour. Thus, there are wide and varied intellectual movements that employ the idea of promised savior or deliverer to plan and seek their intentions. Understanding these trends and identification of gaps and needs is among the most important needs of today's Shiite seminaries, as producers and promoters of untainted Mahdavi teachings. This article uses a documentary method in study and library research method, to observe studies on the Promised Saviour in the West. It deals with three main trends in current approaches from the perspective of contemporary scholars that include historical perspective on the Promised Saviour theological, political, and critical studies on the Promised Saviour. Due attention to the orientation of the three current issues and conceptual horizons can be an important condition of knowledge and of Shiite Messiah or Mahdism, and can open up the global discourse and dialogue which is civilization-based with the West in this regard.

In this modern age, using of future research is a tool to be used in decision-making and thus Shiism and its followers are also no exception to this. Certainly, the thought system of Islam, particularly Shiite Muslim intellectuals, is superior to any school of thought, for explaining its most strategic Futuristic issues. Messianic ideas is one of the highly-regarded bases in this system. Belief in a savior and apocalypse is a favorable idea in most religions, but the capacity for utilization of futuristic studies can be found in the Shiite and its messianic teachings and doctrine of revelation, but not in the other schools of thought.
This article reviews a comprehensive analysis about futuristic applications based on reliable sources in Shiite messianism, including the five aspects of Scientology's philosophical epistemology, methodology, ontology, axiological and semiotics. The aim of this study was to identify the outlines of the teachings of Mahdism in the field of futures studies using descriptive and practical analysis. The epistemological implications for future studies, methods and tools have appropriate applications that studies and revealed divine messianic teachings and understandings.

The Holy Quran tells the story of the rise and fall of civilizations races of the past prophets and always promises a bright future as it speaks from the life of man on earth. At this contemporary time that there is hope for the advent era of Imam Mahdi's according what Shiite and Sunni traditions testify to, a monotheistic civilization as the purpose of creation and the ultimate mission of the prophets and successors will emerge throughout the world. The Quran also create a utopian civilization in the era of Imam Mahdi righteous, which is counted based on efforts throughout human history to lead all divine messengers.
Divine prophets have two important roles to play and realize into the promised future and an ideal of human civilization. First, train the right people and second, to establish a small sample of a utopian civilization under the guidance of trained or as the righteous and rightly guided who pass through a sieve lined separated and recovered from the intrigue of the wicked infidels and saved from the agony of desperation.

From the perspective of Shiite scholars, the secret of the ultimate of the prophethood of the Mohammad is to be found in the comprehensiveness of Islam. This means that Islam is a religion of laws and legislation provisions, to all human that fulfilled human life in all spheres of material and spiritual wants and needs. On the other hand, in the philosophy and theory of Imamate in Shiite thought, there is always an exponent of God's book. The innocent Imams and the final Mahdi serve as the index raised to know right from wrong and can provide innocent interpretation of the Quran and the religion of God. Correlation is thus in the relationship between them, which means binding the prophecy in the book of God is infallible Imam. There are intellectual and narrative arguments and reasons that imply this. In the eyes of reason, for protecting a school, two things are required: 1. It requires text books; 2. It requires teachers and coaches. Holy Quran is the text as needed to guide the people of God (which all Islamic sects agree) that has been sent by God. Of the Shiite perspective, after the demise of the Prophet, the Imam serves as a coach and teacher that has always been on the side of the Quran, the Holy Book, who innocently explained that and provided and protected it from distortion.
From the perspective of evidence from hadith and traditions, Imamate can also be cited in the Quran and the sayings and traditions. By explaining the roles of leadership in the field of religion, it can be compatible with the finality or ultimate prophet and emphasize that leadership and answers the questions and doubts about the incompatibility of the two together.

The concept of ‘Wish’ and its related concepts, like Amal or yearning, desire, longing, etc. has been described and attended in Islamic texts, including in prayer and Ziarat texts.
Some of the qualities and adaptations on the concept of Amal in Mahdavi texts came with Ziarat or prayers and the spiritual linkage and association to the Imam of the Times. Understanding and benefitting from them during the time of rise, realizing the hearty dreams of Imam and other Infallible Imams in the world and the hereafter, the believers and looking forward to their faith and wishes ....
These examples of the type of aspirations and tastes effort in prayer, in addition to taking on these basic human desires and wishes, is providing both spiritual and worldly needs and desires of others as well as accommodated and relieved by the Ahlul byat (PBUH) when the emergence occurs.
On the other hand, there is a modern theory in psychology which has been formulated under titles such as the law of attraction, which can be applied to the wishes and yearnings and expectations of religious people such as waiting for the presence of the savior. Some Muslim psychologists and proponents of this hypothesis inside the country are referring to Quranic verses and traditions, with specific conception of dreams as their religion and how to make it happen.
A comparative analysis of these two stances reveals the pros and cons. On the one hand, there is a shared sense of optimism and confidence as well as relying on divine laws found in nature. On the other hand, lack of inclusiveness in this hypothesis, conflict of wishes, profit orientation and secularism does inaccessibility to some of the grounds for wish fulfillment that can realize the wishes for ideal society and the perfect man, are perhaps the cons of that law of attraction theory.

The study uses a descriptive content analysis and its approach is applied. Given the different dimensions of Islamic training styles, this study aims to find which pivots in education gives rise to introducing the era of emergence of Mahdi. The study, descriptive content analysis and its approach is applied. The study population included one text document in formal education system in general theoretical foundations of fundamental change in Iran, ratified in November 1390. Due to the nature of the research and the limitations of the sampling, no other sample was taken and just he above mentioned document is investigated thoroughly. Instrument is a self-made content analysis checklist and results have been studied using descriptive indicators in the process of Shannon entropy analysis.
The most important results are:1. The conceptual framework and educational components which gives rise to the era of emergence of Mahdi are divided into 9 aspects and 100 components after examining the formulation of the relevant document.
2. A total of 2204 times is the frequency of times referred to an issue related to lifestyle contingent with the era of emergence among the educational components. The density and its abundance in the areas of philosophy of education, philosophy of education in formal and informal settings and educational system for the general public is counted as 1089, 654, 461.
3. Among the study aspects, the social dimension contained the information load factor of 987/0 and 122/0, which respectively has the most amount of attention paid to the issue. This is despite the fact that the cultural dimension has the information load factor of 808/0 and 099/0, and is considered the least amount of attention paid.

Annunciation of the Prophet, the Imam or the previous scripture, are amongst the religiously acceptable ways to prove prophethood. Knowing this, the leaders of the Bahai administration have been after proving Hossein Ali Nuri was prophetic with the use of Quranic verses and traditions; yet since none of these religious sources were not applicable to this claim, they tried to prove Ali Muhammad Shirazi is Mahdi, referring to some verses and traditions and thus tried to argue that Hossein Ali Nuri is the entitled so-called ‘Man-Yaz-haraho Allah’ that Ali Muhammad Shirazi has promised his appearance. The article, citing the literature and surveying the way Bahais cited Islamic sources, attempts to unveil and do a rebuttal for their use of the Quran and their claims on Mahdi being Ali Muhammad Shirazi.