فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگی اجتماعی خراسان
سال دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 9، تابستان و پاییز 1387)

This paper focuses on how the Ismailits expanded and penetrated in the Jebal area and Khorasan after discussing how it departured from shiahsim. The disagrrement among a minority of extremist shiahs about the succession of Imam Jafar Sadegh (pbuh) was the cause behind the formation of the Ismailism, which greatly expanded due to the propaganda of its followers and benefiting from the social circumstances of the time. Since the scope of their activity encompassed a vast area from Hindu Kush to Mediterranean, the native culture of each area picked up different characteristics. Apart from the religious transitions and the division among Ismailis, the perspective and the function of non- Ismailis towards them was the main factor of identity shaping of the Ismailis. The disappearance and reappearance of Ismailism is expressive of this truth. By studying the relationship between Ismailism and the Samanides government we can better understand the patiently religious efforts and the political efforts put into the expansion and the establishment of their own religious governance by the Imams, followers and leaders of Ismailism.

This paper introduces Seyed Mohammad Ebrahim Safavi in addition to critically analyzing his poems content vise and appearance vise. Emotional, political, social, religious and also aesthetical aspects of his poems are investigated on with the help of other poems in order to illustrate his elevated thoughts and attractive figures of speech. Personal and moral characteristics and the close relationships of the poet are also analyzed through his poems. This paper tries to emphasize on the potential Birjandi dialect through the presentation of the literary techniques and the power of expression the poet uses. Actually the creativity of the poet in his skillful usage of the Birjandi dialect, illustrates the power of this dialect in expressing different emotional and sentimental states.

Sights and environments should have more in them than practical values, they should carry symbolic and cultural meanings a well. In the field of designing environments with identity, Islamic culture is used as the infrastructure and the source of identity and the mental and philosophical backing of the design. The question of this paper is how is the physical appearance of a sight which is based on Islamic culture formed? The method of data collection is library based and field work. In the section which library sources are analyzed, the explorative method is used in particular and in the analysis of data from the sight the descriptive and assessment methods are used. The case of study is Manzar Niayesh Garden located in the deserted area of Khoor, 80 km to the west of Birjand. After the recognition, analysis and planning of the sight, with regards to the principles and definitions based on the theoretical studies, the designing of Manzar Niayesh Garden began. According to thisdesign Manzar Niayesh Garden constitutes of five minor sights, naming passage and movement, emphasis on the sky, agriculture, custom, and self realization sight. The most important outcomes of this research is designing a garden with an identity and the manifestation of benediction in the frame of the desert, and the presentation of four definitions naming, introversion, inclination to symbols, inclination to ciphers, hierarchical order and the especial visual effects.

This paper is a selection and investigation of Hakim Nazaari’s poems which include some moral instructions. These instructions add up to 71 points in both books, for which this paper only investigates 12 cases. The method used is the study and derivation of all the verses in which at least one moral instruction could be found. In addition in order to find out whether the instructions attributed to Hakim Nazaari are also applicable to other men of letter this paper pays attention to the ideas and poems of these men as well.

This paper examines the meaning of citizenship and the citizenship culture and its main elements. In this examination, theoretical frameworks of citizenship culture are derived from the works of outstanding figures in this field. However all these figures are from the west, so the writer has benefited from the ideas of a Muslim thinker, Ibn-Khaldun, as well. The presentation of these theoretical arguments in this paper will reveal to us the different interpretations and explanations of the meaning of citizenship culture in western societies. At the end of the paper some points about Iranian citizenship rights are also brought up. This part of the paper tries to provide some solutions in order to strengthen the citizenship culture in Iran and emphasizes on the fact that any planning for the development of citizenship culture in Iran should be on the basis of national, regional and local values and patterns.

Nowadays smuggling is considered one of the most important issues in the economy of our country, and has become a threatening factor attacking the culture, national security and the members of the society and has caused them great danger. Smuggling is considered as an unofficial kind of economy which is not recorded in official statistics due to its concealed nature and is done by smugglers in order to gain profit illegally and unlawfully. The statistics published by the Iranian customs on discoveries of the smuggling of goods shows an upward movement in the total number of smuggling cases. With regard to the irregular increase in the amount of smuggling in recent years, this paper tries to recognizing and mention the reasons behind smuggling then present an appropriate solutions to the problem by offering a proper culture in order to stand against this phenomena, and improving the economical and social status of the society through economy, training and educating included in the educational system.

Plentiful wonders involve repeated proceeding and plenty of doctrine, as many similarities could be found in the life and death of the historical characters lived in a particular peried. In this paper, favouring an enthusiastic approach, we’d try to consider the life story and end of two characters lived at different juncture. First, Abu- Ali well-known for Hasanak who was Ghaznavid minister and was from Neishaboor (Khorasan) and then, Mohammad – Vali – Khan Asadi2, the deputy custodian of the holy shrine of Imam Reza.

In this paper, we favoured a discriptive approach and tried to show the times and situations of women of qajar age and their participation in economic activities, in reliance on the historical sources and the books of some a lient tourist’s travels. In this study, we tried to indicate the different positions of urban, rustic and nomadic women in economic activities. Considering that qajar age was the time of aquaintance with western civilzation and carrying out modernist reforms as wester did, we also tried to indicate its role in women’s participation in economy.