نشریه آموزش پزشکی
سال چهارم شماره 1 (پاییز و زمستان 1394)

Nowadays the importance of problem-solving skills is obvious. As the students are closer to higher learning¡ including higher education should get learning skills and solve their problems independently to reduce their dependence on master. This study was conducted in order to compare the factors: and assertiveness skills of male and female surgical ward assistants¡ in Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2014.
This study is cross-sectional. Statistical Societies of research were the46 residents of surgical ward in Iran University of Medical Sciences. In this study¡ Heppner and Peterson standard questionnaire is used for problem solving and Rattus questionnaire is used for assertiveness skills. The research was done to the census and data was analyzed by using SPSS.
FINDINGS: In this study¡ 17.4% female and 82.6% were male. 30.4% and 69.6% of general surgery residents in Firouzgar and Rasoul Akram Hospitals were studying. In this study¡ the average age was 32.6. By studying the mean and standard deviation¡ understanding of problem-solving skills and its factors in General surgeons (woman)¡ they obtained less mean and standard deviation that showed female residents had better problem-solving skills. The study in problem-solving skills between surgical residents at Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2014¡showed that there is no significant difference in Rasoul Akram and Firouzgar hospitals¡ (P=0.71 and F=0.13). Average scores on general surgery residents of assertiveness skill were 28±24 and P>0.05. So there is no significant difference in the skills of men and women.
According to the findings¡ lower scores that show the ability of solving more important problems whereas in assertiveness skills¡ higher scores are indicating more assertive.

Nowadays the importance of problem-solving skills is obvious. As the students are closer to higher learning, including higher education should get learning skills and solve their problems independently to reduce their dependence on master. This study was conducted in order to compare the factors: and assertiveness skills of male and female surgical ward assistants, in Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2014.
This study is cross-sectional. Statistical Societies of research were the46 residents of surgical ward in Iran University of Medical Sciences. In this study, Heppner and Peterson standard questionnaire is used for problem solving and Rattus questionnaire is used for assertiveness skills. The research was done to the census and data was analyzed by using SPSS.
FINDINGS: In this study, 17.4% female and 82.6% were male. 30.4% and 69.6% of general surgery residents in Firouzgar and Rasoul Akram Hospitals were studying. In this study, the average age was 32.6. By studying the mean and standard deviation, understanding of problem-solving skills and its factors in General surgeons (woman), they obtained less mean and standard deviation that showed female residents had better problem-solving skills. The study in problem-solving skills between surgical residents at Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2014,showed that there is no significant difference in Rasoul Akram and Firouzgar hospitals, (P=0.71 and F=0.13). Average scores on general surgery residents of assertiveness skill were 28±24 and P>0.05. So there is no significant difference in the skills of men and women.
According to the findings, lower scores that show the ability of solving more important problems whereas in assertiveness skills, higher scores are indicating more assertive.

The purpose of this study was to design and evaluate the medical students’ morning report program in internal medicine ward of Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
First, the educational program was developed in the form of a development plan for education according to the Kern Steps. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the study that had designed based on Special-purpose process. It contained 14 questions and was graded as Likert scale (1-3). The medical students filled out the questionnaire as a pre-test and post-test at the end of training. The result of this questionnaire was a measure of trainees’ change in awareness, performance, and skill after the completion of research.
FINDINGS: The implementation of the educational process since the beginning of 2010 was 15 months. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire was investigated in 20 trainees and the results were good. The survey result of 70 trainees of this process showed that the educational program lead to increase awareness from student's morning report, their self-steam while visiting the patient, dominance in the clinical findings of patients, fluency and appropriate presentation, clinical reasoning and motivation for taking patient's history.
The new designed questionnaire in this research seems to be an appropriate tool for evaluation of clinical courses in morning report.

Music can be used in education of some fields such as: Biochemistry and Related fieldsofmolecular Biology. The question that arises here is whether the sequence, number and variety of proteins constituents could be presented via music? Our purpose has been to design and compose of music for proteins and more familiarizing the students with the first structure of them by composed music and evaluation of its role in learning the proteins structure.
This experimental study was performed on 106 persons of first semester in (2012) medical and dentistry students of Babol University of Medical Sciences. Students were divided to 2 groups containing traditional and modern education. The traditional method was performed by professor’s speech and video projector and the modern method was performed by music related to first structure of the human hemoglobin type 1(HbA1). The hemoglobin music was made based on hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties of the aminoacides. At the end, a written 10-scores exam was taken from both of groups and the results were analyzed by T-Test.
FINDINGS: Alpha and Beta polypeptide chain's music was made and heardof the human hemoglobin. The average for the modern education group (case group) was 6.16 but for the traditional education group (control group) was 6.40. Statistically, the analysis in comparison of traditional and modern education methods of biochemistry did not show the significant differences.
Although at this study, music had no affect on the result of biochemicaltests, but via music of different molecules it can be realized a difference in musical structure as a result of their biochemical structure differences.

Continuous evaluation of students’ educational status is one of the most important essentials in improving the quality of educational system in universities. This study was performed in order to assessment of academic achievement of dental students and individual effective factors on it in Babol University of Medical Science at clinical level.
This cross-sectional study was performed on 127 students admitted during the years 2008-2011 in Babol dental school (except health-servers of mouth and teeth and complementary level students). Data including: )age, gender, term time, average grade of diploma, additional occupation, housing situation, year of getting diploma, year of university entrance, marital status, occupation, parental education and residence situation) was collected by the questionnaire. Total GPA, failed course and number of probation semesters were gathered from the archive of dental school and by SPSS 17 and Repeated Measures ANOVA, ANOVA, T test, Chi-square was analyzed and PFINDINGS: There was a meaningful relationship between history of failing in the university and the percentage of specialized courses in Entrance exam, pre-university average (P=0.03) and the age of students (0.01). Pre-university average and gender influenced on educational status. The students with higher pre-university average had better educational status and female students had better educational score than males during this period.(p=0.006 and 0.005 respectively).
According to the results of this study and the obvious role of educational status during high- school and pre-university average on the educational progress of students and considering the students of medical group have a responsibility in society’s health; it is better the future planning to be in direction of the essential changes in the admission criteria for college students.

One of the indicators of developed countries is the role of higher education system in the culture and civilization. It is important to Understand student's initiatives and feelings to culture and relations of class members to planning, create positive changes, Organization and transformation. The perceptions of students from the class culture and their feeling about behaviors of teachers and classmates, can also lead to compatible or incompatible behaviors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the classroom atmosphere from attitudes of students in paramedical and health faculty in 2015.
This descriptive research by sectional method was done between 240 students of paramedical and health schools. Data through two the standardized questionnaires demographic and Stephen Robbins class culture that have 8 questions with Likert 5 worth scale (from Totally agree untill totally disagree) was collected and Using SPSS version 16 and chi-square tests and Pearson correlations were examined.
FINDINGS: The results showed that female’s %73.3 of Sample population and males %26.2 have formed. 53% students were Residential and 47% non-residential. Average class culture among student was 27.45±4.986. Open class culture (more than 30) of% 35, borderline (20-29) %55 and close (less than 20) was 10% among students. Analytical results showed that there was a significant relationship between class culture with field (p=0.000), residence (residential and non residental) (p=0.059) and adjusted (p=0.023) but there was no significant relationship between age (p=0.791), sex (p=0.299), indigenous and non-indigenous (p=0.452) and marital status (p=0.604)).
In the viewpoints of most medical students, class culture was borderline And articulate masters of expectations, more interaction and relashionship with students and using student – centered methods can lead to more relationship between teachers and students and the students themselves, and create a culture of open and friendly, and it is presented as a way to increase class culture that is an important factor in academic performance .

Nowadays one of the educational problems is that, classes are not attractive enough to absorb students in the classroom. For this reason, the rate of absence of students has increased by irrational reasons. Therefore, this study was done with the aim of determination of effective factors on the absence of students in Shahre Kord University of Medical Sciences.
This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 120 students of Shahre Kord University of Medical Sciences in 2013 were selected using random sampling. For data collection, the data collection form was used. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS and descriptive and inferential statistical tests.
FINDINGS: According to the viewpoints of n=81 (67.5%) students participating in the research, inappropriate class time and from the viewpoints n=75 (62.5%) students, uniformity of classes and teaching methods play the most important role for being absent in and the least important factor in the absence of students in the classroom, which has been reported is classmate's morality and behavior. Based on the chi-square test, there is no significant relationship between the effective factors on the absence of students with the field of study and GPA.
Due to the inappropriate time classes are playing the most important role in the absence of students in the classroom, that is necessary the University professors pay more attention to use different strategies such as: changing the class time according to the majority of opinions, cause to achieve more and more participation and increase the essential abilities for this group of students in their learning environments.