The relationship between rs2970847 polymorphism of PGC-1α gene and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

PGC-1α is involved in the regulation of several metabolic processes and its reduced expression has been observed in early stages of type 2 diabetes, (T2D). Changes in activity of PGC-1α, probably due to its polymorphisms, have extensive effects on metabolic processes in people with T2D. The association of rs2970847 polymorphism of PGC-1α gene with T2D has been investigated in several studies, but the results of these studies are diverse and sometimes contradictory. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the relationship between Thr394Thr polymorphism of PGC-1α gene and T2D.

This study was a systematic review of the available literature and resources. To find related documents, the following literature databases were searched: Scopus, PubMed, Google scholar, SID, Irandoc and Magiran. Articles were searched by combining critical and sensitive keywords, including: rs2970847, Thr394Thr polymorphism, PPARGC1A, PGC-1, PGC1alpha, Type 2 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and T2D.

In 7 reviewed papers, the total number of T2D and control subjects was 2146 and 2814, respectively. For the GG, GA, and AA genotypes of the Thr394Thr polymorphism, OR (95% CI) were equal to 0.59 (95% CI=0.52-0.67), 1.25 (1.10-1.43), and 1.75 (1.45-2.08), respectively. The results showed that the association between the GG and GA genotypes of Thr394Thr polymorphism and susceptibility to T2D was statistically significant (P <0.05).

This study generally demonstrated that rs2970847 polymorphism of PGC-1α gene is significantly associated with the risk of T2D.