The Possibility of Compulsory Set-off Adjustment for Various Goods According to Jurisprudence and Laws in Iran

The section of clearing obligations, the Civil Code of Iran under Articles 294-299 explains the laws and rules for setting off of debts and obligations. The Articles were taken from French law and matched the rules of Islamic jurisprudence. Although in contrast with jurisprudence texts, the topic of set-off is not devoted a separate section in the Civil Code in Iran, the topic is not without a history in jurisprudence either. In many Islamic rulings a set-off adjustment is used as a cause of clearing debts and obligations and its conditions are also explained in full.According to section 2 of Article 1291 of the French Civil Code, a set-off for mutual debts has been accepted when one debt is money and the other is cereal or food materials with no official value. Is it possible then to clear debts and obligations in similar cases according to set-off rules?The issue is important because it happens a lot in the executive branch of judicial services when a debtor is not capable of paying his/her debts and obligations in cash, and is, therefore, on the verge of imprisonment according to Article 2 of Financial Punishments Law, and in such a case, he/she brings forward his/her claims against the opposing party (his/her creditor), which are of course of a different nature and type, and such a claim (if present) may be accepted by the other party, or set-off adjustment may be possible according to the contents of the file (if the plaintiff is absent).