Dating the tradition " Lan yufliḥ qawmun wallaw amrahum imra atan" based on the method of analyzing the text and the isnād

The tradition “Lan yufliḥ qawmun wallaw amrahum imra’atan” (the people who entrusted a woman with their affairs will never attain salvation) that was quoted in Sunni resources from Abū Bakrah and then has entered Shī‘ī resources, is one of numerous hadiths that reproach the women. The main common link is the tradition of Abū Bakrah who quoted it from the Prophet (S) in order for him to evade participating in the Battle of Jamal (Camel) on the favor of either parties, with the purpose of reproaching the women and justifying his absence. In this article we have examined and analyzed this hadith on the bases of isnād (transmission chain), matn (text of hadith), and both matn and isnād and have found out that it dates back to the second half of the first/seventh century. It is a fabricated hadith and is remarkably later than the Prophet’s era; however, due to constant recounting and transmission in Sunni and Shī‘ī resources it has become strengthened in the course of history and has been penetrated into jurisprudential resources. Consequently, it has denoted unqualification of the women to undertake ruling, governing, leading congregational prayers, and social positions in general, in the Shī‘ī and Sunni jurisprudential fundamentals.