Ibn-e Roshd and Political Knowledge

In continuance of the topic of “the relation between intellect and religion” in the realm of practical sciences – specially Politics, the issue of “place of intellect and Shar’ (Religious Law) in setting the hierarchy of sciences” is of high importance in such a way that any interpretation of this relationship leaves an undeniable effect on categorization and of various knowledge and knowing their position. With formation of translation movement and transition of Greek knowledge to the Islamic world, some of the noticeable thinkers of Islamic civilization, have proposed new categorizations of their various contemporary knowledge on basis of their principles and hypotheses which has been due to the mastery of Shariah and its explaining knowledge; Fiqh. Naturally, in such a viewpoint, the science of Fiqh is considered a religious and civil foundation for the politics. Ibn-e Rosh Andulusi, the Masha’i philosopher and the 6th century great jurist is one of the Islamic thinkers who, although didn’t write Ehsa-Al Olum like Al-Farabi, but we can arrive at typology of political science for him with referring to some of his works. With seeking for response to the question “what is the place of Political knowledge for Ibn-e Roshd in the hierarchy of sciences?”, this paper follows the hypothesis that practical Hikmah (Ethics and Politics) and the science of Fiqh are considered “civil knowledge” because of their sharing of “Fazilah” (superiority) being the end.