Evolution of the concept of Science in transition from the age of ignorance to the Prophet's era

The most important milestone in the evolution of the concept of Science in Arab history is a transition from the age of ignorance to the prophetic era. In fact, the new religion that was founded in Medina required new science to legitimize it. This evolution occurred in transition from a pagan to monotheistic society. Hence the concept of Science changed exactly in line with the same two features of the clan-oriented and faith community. The main sources for the study of such a change are the Quran and the poems attributed to the Age of Ignorance. Then by examining the content we would be able to explain the conceptual evolution of science in this duration. By examining the extant poetry and relevant narratives about it, there seems that ignorant believed that sciences are collected in four subjects and the owner of these sciences should be called ‘Allāmah. The four sciences are: 1- Wars (Ayyam ul-Arab) 2- Arabic prose literature 3- Poetry 4- Genealogy. But the holy prophet (pbuh) believed that the only knowledge is the science that is in conformity with monotheism. He excludes the other sciences for they have come from ignorance. In fact, in an overview, the human acknowledgment to the eternal power of God is a sacred science which occurred only in the prophetic era; a knowledge that could be obtained by eyes, ears and heart. In this period, Arab put more concern on Writing and the concept of science developed through the convergence of thoughts. This theme will be analyzed in this study on the base of explaining- understanding method.