The Logical Relationship of Value and Fact

Discussion of the relationship between reality and value began in serious form by David Hume in 18th century AD. After that, the view favoring the relationship had proponents such as Jorge Edward Moore and opponents such as John Searle. Hume argued that no “value proposition” can be logically inferred from a real proposition. In Islamic philosophy, this fact became closely linked to the discussion on the perceptions of practical and theoretical intellect. Resolving this issue has a considerable effect in the evaluation of propositions in humanities, and is a prelude to the discussion of relationship between “science” and “value”. In the present article, we have presented a detailed discussion about the background of this issue and investigated various views regarding the logical relationship between “must” and “is”, and presented a new explanation of Hume’s view, while offering new reviews of Allama Tabataba’ie’s view, to arrive at Ayatollah Mesbah’s view on the mode of the logical relationship between value propositions and real propositions using the necessity to compare with others.