CriticalExamination of the SurrealismSchool and ItsPrinciplesfromIslamic Perspective

Contemporarythoughtisinfluenced by numerous western philosophical trends and intellectualschoolsespeciallyanarchism, nihilism and dispersion. These trends and schoolsenteredthe Arabicliterature and poetry, whichare the outcomeof a communitywithdifferentcultural rootsand isin many cases in contrastwithWestern societies. The result of this cultural differenceis the emergence ofa kind of lack of identityand dualityamongthe culturalelite and thepeople, andled to the crisis of identity. This crisisespeciallyappeared in literaryschoolsthatattractedliterati and cultural layers. The surrealistschoolas one of these(Postmodern)schoolsisbased on the Western philosophical, cultural and ideological doctrines arefollowed by ourliteraticonsciously or unconsciouslywithoutknowingitsprinciplesand basic differenceswith the oriental values, or followed and promotedconsciously as a result of cultural alienationandlack of identitythatemergedaftercivilizational gap. So, the presentstudyaimsatpathology of theseintellectual and cultural differences and showingitsdefects in the light of the intellectual and literayheritageof islamiccivilization by a descriptive –analiticalapproach. Among the results of thisstudyisthatthe surrealistschoolwhichisbased on unilateralismandFreudianillapproach and materialisticpsychologicaltheoriesthatpursues to corruptall the principles and criteria, as well as ignoring the oldheritagewithoutany substitution for them,isunable to fulfillthe function of literature In the Eastern countries, and especially in Islamic countries.