The Impact of lifestyle on Spatial Organization of Residential Architecture in Iran (Case study: Kitchen between Years 1304-1357 SH)

In early twentieth century with the advent of new technologies, changes in the architecture of kitchen, as one of the most important areas of the presence of women in a residential unit, were made. These changes in the structure, layout and architecture of the kitchen’s space were in line with the cultural, economic and social characteristics of women which have been evolved over time in different ways. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of lifestyle in the form of technology components and women’s gender role as independent variables on architectural features and spatial organization of kitchen as a dependent variable, and in this study Pahlavi period is the control variable. Research methods in this research are descriptive-analytical, historical-interpretative and field-oriented methods. The data collection was done by library, documentary, direct and field observation methods. The results of the research show that the gender indices in this period have led to the equality of men and women, especially in the middle classes of the community. As a result, the houses’ interior and exterior spaces are gradually removed and the kitchen has been transported from the courtyard and basement into inside the house and was located as an intermediate space (common area) in relation to other spaces. The advent of modern architectural achievements made it possible the changes to be taken place.