Analytical study of narrative structure on Sohrab’s poetry (Passenger) According to the theory of morphology

Morphology is one of the important methods in structuralist criticism. In this method, researchers are studying the structure of the literary work. In contemporary Persian literature, this method has been used less in Poetry analysis. There are poems in the collection of contemporary Persian literature can be analyzed by this method. "Mosafer" (Traveler) is one of the poems. Sohrab wrote this poem in 1966. "Mosafer" is a symbol of Sohrab. "Mosafer" is someone who does not stay in one place. He always moves like a river. He, like mystics in search of the truth, travels around the world. This poem is rooted in the cultural traditions of Iran. In this poem, topics such as life, death and love are seen. These issues also exist in Iranian mystical texts. In fact, Sohrab moves along the former mystical ideas. Basically Sohrab in this poem is involved from the beginning with the concept of death. Death that engulfs not only human but also devours objects. Such poetry is almost unprecedented in Persian literature. And so this type of poetry is to be considered as new methods. This poem has three parts: In the first part, the poet describes the time. And he then defines the location where the host is present. In the second part, passenger travel in the history of civilization. A journey that started long ago and is still ongoing. And the third part poem starts with these words: We must pass…. The language of this poetry is close to natural language. The appearance of this poem is simple but It is filled with cultural motifs. The theme of the poem is quite common but has led to philosophical issues. This poem has a narrative structure and Simple plot. This poem by using stream of consciousness, is told. In literary criticism, stream of consciousness, also known as interior monologue, is a narrative mode or device that depicts the multitudinous thoughts and feelings which pass through the mind. Characters, dialogue, dramatic situations, and events are the components of the plot. These components make up the superstructure that have gathered around deep structure. The structure of poetry is separable into two parts: The first part of the poem, from beginning to end of paragraph seven. The second part of paragraph eight to thirty-four. The first part consists of a display position that is two scenes of dialogue. The second part consists of a long monologue and a display position. In this study, the structure of the poem according to Propp's method is studied. Vladimir Propp, studied Russian fairy tales. In that study, he applied morphological method. Propp's method is very effective in discovering the structure of the tales. This poem has twenty functions (Khishkari). The first function is absence and the last one is wedding. Some functions in this poem, arranged by group. Thus, absence and departure and evil, are a group that are moving story. The sequence of functions on this narrative is different from the Prop pattern. Hero and villain in this poem, have an important role in advancing the narrative. Much of this poem dedicated to the dialogue between the Hero (Passenger) and Helpful (Host). Due to the move, the poem has a movement. So it must be said that this poem has a simple plot.