Detection of the effects of thermal anomalies caused by large-scale atmospheric-oceanic signals on the bleaching events of the Persian Gulf coral reefs

Atmospheric ocean linkage signals are one of the most important drivers of climate anomalies. These cycles around climate linkage can play a key role in the whitening and death of coral colonies by altering the temperature characteristics of the water surface of each region. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of large-scale oceanic signal signals on the bleaching episodes of Persian Gulf coral reefs. In this regard, data related to 35 indicators of climate linkage cycle during the statistical period 1980-2015 (36-year period) were obtained from the Climate Prediction Center of the United States Oceanic Atmosphere Base (NOAA). The whitening episodes of the Gulf of Persia were also extracted from the Global Coral Monitoring Base. The results of correlation analysis showed that among the 35 major oceanic atmospheric linkage indices influencing the Earthchr('39')s climate, two Atlantic multi-decade oscillation (AMO) and the equatorial Pacific water temperature change index in the NINO3.4 region, With sea surface temperature anomalies in the Persian Gulf region, it has provided a significant correlation at the level of confidence of 0.95. The apparent correlation of water surface temperature in the Gulf of Persia region during the warm season months (June to September), when there was the highest risk of water whitening, indicated that two indicators, AMO and NINO3.4, were able to justify the significance of bleaching episodes. The results of the analysis of the frequency of bleaching events in the Persian Gulf corals indicated that all recorded events were related to the positive phase of AMO. In the case of the NINO3.4 index, a similar result was obtained that the positive phase of this bonding pattern caused high risk temperatures in the Persian Gulf and caused general bleaching events in the coral reefs of this region, so that out of 12 occurrences in the region, 7 cases This index has been recorded in the positive phase and only 3 cases have been in the negative phase. Knowing that these two linkage patterns are among the 35 main climate control linkage patterns, they are the main drivers of coral bleaching and mortality in the Persian Gulf, so with careful knowledge and monitoring of these linkage patterns, protection measures can be taken to a large extent. For coral colonies in the region performed more efficiently.