Identifying Factors Affecting the Constructive Voice of Employees in the Iranian Governmental Organizations: A Case of a Military Organization in Tehran

Background & Listening to the voices of employee improves the performance of the organization. Voice behaviors refer to the provision of voluntary information that aims to improve organizational performance. In this regard, in order to listen to the voice of the employees, the contexts and mechanisms must be provided, and the factors affecting these voice behaviors must be identified. As a result, the purpose of this article was to identify the factors affecting the facilitation of employees' voices and voices related to improvement in public organizations. This research was applied in terms of purpose, and descriptive-survey-Delphi in terms of data collection. Accordingly, the Fuzzy Delphi technique consisting of 8 experts in the field of human resources was used to identify the factors facilitating the voice of employees. The results revealed that 39 effective facilitating factors of the employees' constructive voices were identified. These 39 factors were classified into five general categories: individual factors, group factors, organizational factors, managerial factors, and environmental factors. Evaluating and improving the current status of employees' constructive facilitating voice in the organization can prepare the grounds for enhancing the organization and its capabilities of human resources. To do so, it is essential to activate and implement the necessary mechanisms for listening to the employees' voices and their effects on organizational decisions.