The conservation status of endemic SW Iranian Dionysia species

In the flora of Iran, c. 15 percent of the Dionysia species are endemics in Fars and Kohgiluyeh va Boyer-Ahmad provinces. The IUCN Red List criteria, i.e., criteria B and C (geographic range and small population size, respectively) are used to evaluate the risk of extinction and necessary planning for the species protection. Moreover, the conservation status of the recently discovered Dionysia jamzadiae and D. splendens are discussed here. Our findings show all the species are Critically Endangered (CR). Some habitats of these plants have been destroyed or severely damaged as a result of the massive expansion of mines, construction of roads, and urbanization in mountainous regions. To protect these plants, their habitats must be designated as a protected area by the Forests and Rangelands and Watershed Management Organization of Iran.