Extinction risk of one pear wild relative in Iran and requirement for urgent conservation action

There is a close relationship between biodiversity conservation and food security, and they are two sides of the same coin. Conservation and sustainable use of ecosystems has become a top priority for the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Crop wild relatives (CWRs) have adapted to harsh soil and climate conditions and play a unique role in improving crop yields and adapting to different climates. The species of the genus Pyrus have considerable diversity among crop wild relatives of Iran. The conservation status of Pyrus farsistanica is discussed based on criteria B, C, and D (geographic range, small population size, very small or restricted population, respectively) of the IUCN Red List. The exact studies show this species is Critically Endangered (CR). Given the importance of this species and its severe decline, it is essential to take immediate action to propagate this species in botanical gardens and seed banks for long-term preservation. In addition, an education program is needed to educate the public about the importance of the value of this species. Moreover, the conservation of this valuable species as a “nature reserve" is necessary. The Natural Resources and Watershed Management Organization should play an effective role in protecting the habitat, and encourage rural people to grow and propagate seedlings in gardens and yards. Seed storage in the Natural Resources Gene Bank of Iran is strongly recommended.