Essential Unitary Monotheism in Ibn al-ʿArabī’s View: An Analysis in terms of Hadiths transmitted from the Infallibles

Essential monotheism, also known as the unity of the divine essence (al-tawḥīd al-dhātī), stands as a pivotal tenet within monotheistic discourse. Crafting its formulation is a profound challenge for both mysticism and theology alike. Even subtle alterations in its interpretation and articulation possess the potential to veer away from the pristine monotheism upheld by the Ahl al-Bayt or the Prophet’s Household.Unitary (aḥadī) monotheism and singular (fardānī) monotheism represent two versions of Ibn al-ʿArabī’s conception of monotheism, each depicted uniquely and substantiated through specific proofs. Employing a descriptive-analytic and deductive approach, thisarticle delves into the core of essential unitary (aḥadī) monotheism, offering a distinct reinterpretation of Ibn al-ʿArabī’s perspective separate from singular monotheism. Furthermore, we assess his viewpoint in light of hadiths, conducting analyses of both the terminology and underlying significance of essential unitary monotheism to ascertain its alignment with the teachings of hadiths