Prevalence and mortality rate of arterial aneurysm and dissection in yazd, iran; a cross-sectional study between 2011 and 2017

An aneurysm or aortic dissection occurs when the walls of the blood vessels lose their initial strength, resulting in a middle layer gap between elastic and smooth muscle fibers. Approximately95% of individuals with an aneurysm indicate no symptoms until a rupture occurs, which is life-threatening.  The current research is a cross-sectional study carried out on 100 patients who were hospitalized in Shahid Sadoughi and Afshar hospitals in Yazd, Iran, with confirmed diagnoses of arterial aneurysm or dissection between 2011 and 2017. Individuals with aneurysms caused by dialysis-related shunts were not included. The study evaluated demographic and clinical factors along with their respective outcomes. Data analysis was performed utilizing SPSS software version 17 through chi-square and Fisher exact tests.  Seventy-one patients (71%) were male, and patients aged over 60 accounted for approximately 53%. Abdominal aortic aneurysm was the most prevalent at 27%. The aneurysm was located in the Femoral artery in 23% of patients and in the ascending aorta artery in 12%. Dissection was diagnosed in 27% of patients, all of which occurred in the aortic artery. Coronary artery disease was reported by 41 patients (60.3%). The distribution of patient outcomes based on the location of the aneurysm and dissection was statistically significant (p value: 0.002).  The characteristics of the arterial aneurism population in our findings were similar to previous studies. Coronary artery disease was the most prevalent comorbidities, and men's gender was dominant. Also, the abdominal aortic and femoral artery was the most prevalent location of aneurysm.