Risk of Seizure Recurrence Following an Initial Acute Unprovoked Seizure in Children

This study was aimed to asses the rate of recurrence after the first unprovoked seizure in children. Methods and Materials: In a prospective study, we recruited 145 children who presented with primary unprovoked seizure and were followed for at least 12 months after the first seizure.

Seventy five children (51.7%) experienced subsequent seizures. The cumulative risk of seizure recurrence following the first seizure was 16.5%, 35%, 47% and 51.7% at 1, 6, 12, 24 months, respectively. The median time for repeated seizure was 5.4 months with 67% of recurrences occurring within the initial 6 months, 92% within 1 year and 100% before the end of two years. On multivariable analysis, risk factors for resumption of seizure comprised of abnormal electroencephalography (EEG) and age greater than ten years at the time of occurrence of the first seizure. On unvariable analysis, etiology of seizure, history of neonatal problems and lack of AED (Antiepileptic drugs) usage increased risk of recurrence.

This study revealed that the risk of seizure recurrence in our patients was relatively high. Those with abnormal electroencephalography and age greater than ten years at the time of occurrence of the first seizure were at greater risk for recurrence of seizures.