مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد
سال سی و دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 210، اردیبهشت 1403)

Women of reproductive age may encounter challenges related to infertility or miscarriage, due to conditions such as premature ovarian failure (POF). POF, affecting approximately one percent of women under the age of 40, can lead to infertility. Current data have suggested that utilizing stem cell therapy was the most effective approach for treating POF compared to alternative options. Among the various stem cell types, mesenchymal stem cells derived from the umbilical cord (HUC-MSCs) was a promising choice for treatment due to its features such as relatively low immunogenicity, multipotent, multiple origins, cost-effectiveness, ease of production, and high efficiency.

One of the ways to treat POF is the use of mesenchymal stem cells derived from the umbilical cord, these cells have an extraordinary capacity for repair and regeneration, which helps them in repairing depleted ovaries. The results of this review article indicate that the use of HUC-MSCs can be considered as a potential treatment method in these patients.

Considering the problems of emotion regulation and social skills in adolescents with bipolar spectrum disorders, one of the methods that can help these adolescents is psychosocial intervention. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of evidence-based psychosocial interventions on the recurrence of symptoms in adolescents with bipolar spectrum disorders.

In the present study, keywords like psychosocial intervention, recurrence, bipolar disorder, bipolar and related disorders, and adolescence were selected based on the database of medical subject headings (MeSH) and searched on English databases such as Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar in the period of 2008 (from March) to 2023 (until December). In this study, the PRISMA systematic review study reporting guide was used.

The results of the conducted research indicated the existence of problems in the sleep schedule, emotion regulation, social functioning, and problem-solving skills of these adolescents. Although drug interventions were the front line of mania treatment, psychosocial interventions using models such as psychoeducation, cognitive-behavioral therapy focused on children and families, dialectical behavior therapy, and interpersonal as well as social rhythm therapy has helped the process of treatment stability and effectively prevent the symptoms of the disorder from returning.

Early psychosocial treatment, along with pharmacotherapy intervention, can reduce the negative impact of symptoms and lead to improved short-term and long-term outcomes by equipping adolescents and their families with knowledge and skills to improve understanding and management of the disorder.

Exercise training is likely to be a non-pharmacological intervention to improve bone health in children and the elderly. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance-aerobic training on RUX2, CTX, RANKL and ALP biomarkers in rats of different ages.

In the present experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats were obtained from Instituto Pasteur of Iran and were divided into three groups according to their age: immature (2 weeks old), mature (6 weeks old) and elderly (96 weeks old). In each age group, the mice were randomly divided into two training (n=5) and control (n=5) groups. Six weeks of combined training included three sessions of aerobic training and three sessions of resistance training per week. Extracting genes by PCR method was used. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test and SPSS16 software were used. The significance level P≥0.05 was considered.

One-way analysis of variance showed that resistance-aerobic training has had a significant effect on RUNX2, RANKL and ALP variables of rats in different age groups (P < 0.05). This significance was not observed in CTX variable (P > 0.05). On the other hand, the results of Tukey's RUNX2 test were significantly different between the adult training and elderly training groups (p = 0.019) as well as between the elderly control groups (p = 0.01) and adult training (p = 0.002). Regarding the RANKL variable, it showed that there was a significant difference only between the adult exercise group and the elderly control group (p = 0.01).

Resistance-endurance training probably increases absorption and reabsorption biomarkers such as RUX2, RANKL and ALP in immature, mature and elderly male rats.

Vital pulp therapy includes is differnt methods that are used to preserve pulp vitality and root development in immature permanent teeth with thin dentin wall and open apical foramen which have been damaged or inflamed due to dental caries, trauma, or during the restoration. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge of Yazd general dentists toward Vital pulp therapy in immature permanent teeth in 2022.

In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, a valid and reliable questionnaire, including demographic information and 15 questions related to the knowledge of vital pulp therapy was distributed among 150 general dentists in Yazd City, Iran. Data were analyzed using SPSS-22 software, T-test and ANOVA.

The participants in this study, included 55.3% men and 44.7% women with an average age of 34.25 (±7.32) years old and an average years of job experience of 8.32 (±7.04). Among them, 35.3% had participated in dentistry retraining courses. The average knowledge score of the participants in this study was 9.2 out of 15. The average score in different groups did not show any significant difference in terms of age, sex, job experience, work place and participation in retraining courses. (P-value >0.05)

Yazd general dentists had intermediate level of knowledge about the vital pulp therapy of immature permanent teeth. It seems that the need for retraining courses to improve the level of knowledge about vital pulp therapy to help choosing the best treatment plan for young permanent teeth is evident.

A high-fat diet and increased calorie intake increase the prevalence of obesity،,which itself causes many diseases. The studies carried out in the field of investigating the mechanisms related to obesity and its related diseases have introduced the increase of fat mass and as a result the disruption of cytokines as one of the most important influencing factors. Therefore, the aim of the current research was the effect of eight weeks of intense interval training on serum lipid peroxidation indices and adiponectin gene expression in obese mice.

The current research was experimental with a control group. 24 male rats were randomly divided into three control groups, self-obesity group and self-obesity group with high intensity interval training (HIIT). The normal distribution of the data was evaluated using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Then، in order to compare data between groups، one-way analysis of variance was used, and if it became significant، the data were compared using Tukey's post hoc test at a significance level of P < 0.05.

The findings of this research showed that in the exercise group, there was a significant increase in the state of superoxide dismutase (SOD) compared to the self-obesity group. However,, there was no significant change in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the level of adiponectin gene expression in the liver of self-obesity group and interval training group.

Obesity causes an imbalance in the oxidative status and a disturbance in the production and secretion of adiponectin in the liver tissue of obese mice، and intense intermittent exercise improves the oxidative status, but it does not have a significant effect on the expression of the adiponectin gene

The ankle joint is one of the most vulnerable joints in the body due to weight bearing. Pronated foot is one of the most common complications of the lower limbs. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of training in water and training with thera-band on the frequency spectrum of electrical activity of lower limb muscles in people with pronated foot during walking.

The present research was a clinical trial study that was conducted in a semi-experimental and laboratory. The statistical sample of the present study included 45 students of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili who had pronated foot, were selected purposefully and were randomly and equally placed in three groups: TheraBand, exercise in water, and control. The training protocol used for the water training group was based on the sports prescription guidelines of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), and for the training group with the thera-band, it was performed using an orange thera-band in three sets with repetitions of 14 movements. To measure the frequency spectrum of the electrical activity of the lower limb muscles, it was recorded using a wireless surface electromyography device. Likewise, analysis of variance with repeated measurements and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze the data at a significance level of P≤0.05.

The results showed that the interactive effect of time and group on the middle frequency spectrum of electromyography of the vastus medialis muscle in the exercises of the thera-band group during walking had a significant decrease (P=0.02). Other variables from the pre-test stage to the post-test did not show statistically significant differences (P<0.05).

It seems that doing exercises in water and thera-band doesn't statistically have much effect on the frequency spectrum of the electrical activity of the lower limb muscles.

Today, composite resins are a suitable choice for tooth restoration, which in relation to posterior teeth, the most important limitations are marginal leakage, secondary decay, poor load bearing capacity, high wear and inability to restore contact. The durability of posterior restorations especially class II restorations is less compared to amalgam restorations. This has been affected by various factors such as polymerization shrinkage, thermal expansion coefficient and abrasion resistance that limits the durability of the posterior composite.

The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive study, which 68 final year dental students of School of Dentistry of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd City were selected by census and their attitude and awareness were studied using a valid and reliable questionnaire containing demographic characteristics and attitude as well as awareness questions. All the data were analyzed in SPSS 16 statistical software. Likert scale was used to measure awareness and attitude.

In the present study, among the 68 final year dental students, 37 students (54.4%) were male, 31 students (45/6%) were female the mean and standard deviation of the age of the participants was 25.12 ± 2.3 years. In this study, the mean and standard deviation of total attitude score of final year dental students was equal to 22.80 ± 6.74 and the total attitude score of final year dental students based on Likert Scale was lower than the average. Most of the students reported the quality of posterior composite training to meet practical needs as poor.

Based on the results, the awareness and attitude of final year dental students in relation to posterior composite restoration training was less than average and weak, respectively. There was no significant difference was observed between the knowledge and attitude scores with the gender and age.

Diabetes along with morphine causes many metabolic damages in the testicles by causing oxidative stress. This study aimed to reduce the oxidative effects caused by diabetes and morphine on the fertility quality of men with the help of increasing moderate intensity aerobic exercise.

32 male Wistar rats were used in this experimental study. Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups of 8: diabetes control (D), morphine diabetes (D. M), diabetes + endurance training (D+ ET), diabetes + morphine endurance training (D. M+ ET). Then induction of diabetes and morphine was done. The training groups performed 8 weeks of endurance training protocol. At the end of the study, all mice were killed and their testis tissue was isolated. The oxidant and antioxidant indices of this study were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using one-way ANOVA at a significant level of 0.05.

The results showed that the concentration of MDA in the diabetes group had a significant increase compared to other groups (P=0.001). However, increasing endurance training caused a significant decrease in the concentration of MDA (P=0. 001) and a significant increase in the amount of TAC, GPX and SOD (P=0. 001) in other groups compared to the diabetes group.

The present research showed that increasing endurance training with moderate intensity caused a decrease in the oxidant index and an increase in the antioxidant index in the testicular tissue of diabetic rats with withdrawal syndrome. And this shows the reduction of infertility complications in mice.