Fatty acids Profile, Physicochemical Properties and Mineral Contents of Oil of Major Canola Varieties Grown in (Golestan Province)

In the present Study, the fatty acid profile, physicochemical properties and mineral contents of oil obtained from three major canola varieties (Hyolla401, Hyolla420 and RGS003) grown in Golestan Province were investigated. The results showed that oleic acid was the major fatty acid in the three varieties and the highest level was found in RGS003 variety with an average of 64.00 %. The highest level of essential fatty acids, linoleic acid (ω-6) was found in Hyolla420 (18.21 %) and linolenic acid (ω-3) in Hyolla401 with an average 10.34%. Compared to other varieties, the RGS003 variety showed the lowest level of total saturated fatty acid with an average 8.09 %. In all three varieties, erucic acid content was low and within the permitted level. Results of the physicochemical properties of oil indicated that the highest iodine value (116.05) and refractive index (1.4675) was recorded for Hyolla401, and the highest saponification (187.07) number for Hyolla420. The lowest content of chlorophyll was observed in Hyolla420 variety (9.53). Variety RGS003, showed the minimum color intensity (4.64). There was no significant difference (p<0.05) between relative density of all three varieties. The study on the mineral content, showed varietal differences with Iron ranged from 1.19 ppm in Hyolla 401 to 4.67 ppm in Hyolla 420. The lowest level of phosphorus (1238 ppm) and sulphure (3.86 ppm) were detected in RGS003 variety. highest level of phosphorus (2085 ppm) was observed in Hyolla420 variety and highest content of sulphure (7.12 ppm) detected in Hyolla401 variety.