نشریه مطالعات زبانی بلاغی
پیاپی 9 (بهار و تابستان 1393)

One of the elements of fantasy poses and meaning construction in the poetry of the new style poets or Indian style, are the Motives. The key words of meaning construction, which get situated in the centre of language and communication network, and associated with the concept of language and vocabulary, while using parallelism and the narrow sense of the poet, lead to a very effective lyric discussion with the audience, especially in the lyric type of poems. In the poetical works of Naziri Neyshaburi, some descriptive combinations and words get out of the circle of their ordinary dictionary meanings and being placed in the centre of the language networks, help the poet, in order to creation of innovative concepts, they also transfer their cognitive concepts to the reader's mind. For instance, words like: sepehr with 51 or khat with 74, khak with 166 or ka’be with 125 different usages in his poems- have helped the poet in constructing differentiated meanings. In this article, I try to compare the motives of khat in the poetical works of Naziri and Sa’eb, while referring to some motives used in the poetical works of Naziri.

Old Arab scientists believe that prosody is a pure Arabic knowledge initiated by Khalil Ibn Ahmad, or Arabs were familiar with the poetic rhythms before the era of his life. So, they have ignored somewhat the impact of external factors. These external factors include the role of Indians, Greeks and Iranians. In fact, Iranian people have also contributed to the emergence of this knowledge. In this study the issue has been examined independently and it has been concluded that many poems have been written by Iranians before the invention of Arabic prosody and they were familiar with the rules of poetic rhythms, and Khalil Ibn Ahmad either has been directly influenced by the Iranians due to the fact that there were many Farsi speakers in the places such as Basra and Khorasan where he lived in, and also because of his relationship with Iranian scientists such as Ibn Muqaffa, or he was influenced by them indirectly as it can be examined in the field of learning poem industry from Iranians, and writing poems like theirs. Also, the Arab poets have learned some of the Specific meters of Persian poetry and Khalil has studied these poems and meters, and he has introduced them in prosody science.

Style owner Humorists uses special tips and possibilities for creating humor and critical thinking spirit in their open-minded audience especially professional readers of literary texts. One of these possibilities which is considered as characteristics of Kiumars Saberi's style is word-making and term-making. In this paper it is attempted to investigate various aspects of this work in 'Do kalame Harfe Hesab' by Kiumars Saberi. We studied terms and words devised by Saberi in terms of construction and meaning and came to the conclusion that most of them are analogous words and they are usually a noun or adjective plus a prefix. In terms of meaning, words and terms are classified in four categories: parody words and terms (words that are made following the style of a ​​famous writer or poet), critical (criticism of the state, making the critique of new word-making) and lexical which are mostly surprising and fun and have less critical aspect. Another important point in word making by Saberi is change in meaning of some words and offering a new and humoristic interpretation for that word.

Khaghani is one of the greatest poets in Azerbaijan style. His uses of current sciences٫ special scientific terms٫ and unusual and out of mind metaphors and similes in imagery٫ have made his poem hard to obtain. He makes new images with allusion tune spread in his poem by the merger of compound-making and imagery. Since Khaghani enjoys of vast cultural cover and dominates over verses and traditions completely, most of his imagery compounds in some way refer to verses and traditions. Our goal in this paper is introducing and analyzing these kinds of poetic images in Khaghaniʼs odes and studying their structures. So we tried to study and analyze some of his poetic images inspired by verses and traditions with having attention to his artistic and aesthetic deep structure of his poem, and show how these verses and traditions have been used in his imagery. This study has accomplished with content analysis method. The results represent that Khaghani benefiting from the Quran and Traditions and mythology in either the literal meaning or the purpose of creating a new theme that utilizes means more to the seen. He used more than the verses from the Quran and in most of the cases it utilizes the allegorical and borrowed words, combinations, and interpretations are part of the verse. Meanwhile, the grace, alert and warn, praise of the praised and description is one of the most important motivational purposes in his use of such images.

Malek-o alshoara Bahar is one of the most important poets of Constitutional period (Mashrooteh's period), on the occasion of the World War I, he has composed the Poem in the title of "human and War" and in this poem he has apparently imitated two famous couplets of story of Rostam and Esfandiar in the Book of Kings. Since one of the fundamental aspects of the school of formalism is notice to the shape and form and literary figures, In this paper, based on formalism approach, two couplets of Malek-o alshoara Bahar and Ferdowsi has compared and analyzed. In the end the result is that even though Malek-o alshoara Bahar has been successful in this imitation, Ferdowsi in more artistic manner has succeed to add the richness of his poetry with more attention to form and voice patterns and subtle use of rhetorical and literary elements, so he has revealed literary discourse in his poem as prominent as possible.

Style is a linguistic reality and its origin lies in writer’s linguistic choices. Stylistics studies could be instrumental to a better understanding of literary texts. The present study attempts to describe and review stylistics features in Jalal Al Ahmad’s short stories. The author is trying to determine phonetic, lexical and syntactic features in Al Ahmed’s short stories. For this purpose, Al-Ahmad’s twenty short stories have been analyzed based on Wright and Hope (1996) method. The results show that Al-Ahmad has a popular style in his short stories. Phonetic, lexical and syntactic evidences in his short stories confirm these findings. Phonological processes such as phoneme and syllable deletion, using words and slangs, simple nouns and adjectives, and frequent usage of active and compound sentences are among the evidences in this study which have been discovered.