نشریه مدیریت شهری
پیاپی 69 (زمستان 1401)

Due to the growing population and increasing urbanization and human desire to be in cities, problems have been created about living conditions in the urban environment that urban planners sought to provide solutions to improve urban living conditions and introduce approaches such as smart cities. Pedestrian orientation is also one of the principles that can be applied in a smart city. The method of the present research is descriptive-analytical of the applied type that the required data has been collected using the library data of valid articles. In this study, first, the desired indicators were extracted by the Goler method, then by Delphi method, 10 copies of questionnaires were completed by experts to determine the scores of factors, and by using the method of cross-impact analysis to analyze the effective components related to the pedestrian orbit. In the smart city. A total of 24 factors were finalized and finally factor analysis was performed with tables and graphs extracted from this software. The results of this study show that among the indicators and factors that were examined, the rate of use of non-motorized means of transport, separate pedestrian and bicycle path, variety of means of transport, the culture of using smart facilities, rate Scattered surface, pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure, environmental density and diversity, cleanliness and environmental quality, desirable urban furniture are of special importance that should be paid special attention in the process of smart city planning and sidewalks.

Sheikh Shahabuddin Ahri's architectural collection is one of the unique industries of the Islamic period of Iran, which in its artificial body and natural landscape with special physical characteristics such as unique stone decorations, a combination of architectural quality in many historical ages from Ilkhanate to Qajar in Beside intangible values ​​such as special customs in religious ceremonies as a system with multiple functions, it is an example from a historical and cultural point of view. However, in recent periods and clearly from the end of the Qajar period onwards, due to unprincipled interventions caused by the unbalanced development of the city in the face of the currents of protection and development, it has caused disorder in its environmental norms and architectural structures, and in some cases, some bodies and Also, their historical and cultural capabilities have been destroyed or faced with serious threats. Based on this, in the upcoming research, an attempt was made to study the historical layers of the urban landscape with a value-oriented approach and to recognize the historical capabilities of the objective landscape of the complex, and in order to fix the damage and improve its quality and integrity in interaction with The surrounding historical layers should be taken an effective step. For this purpose, on one hand, international documents and on the other hand, related texts along with objective findings have been read and analyzed. In this direction, the descriptive-analytical method with the use of documentary and library studies and field surveys was prioritized. Based on the findings of the research, the access routes and the quality of the communication ways, the irrigation system in the structure of Sheikh's garden, the protection of architectural heritage, the socio-cultural activities of the area along with the sphere of influence of industrialized works, the overall historical urban landscape of the architectural system of Sheikh Shahabuddin Ahri. offers Therefore, strengthening the aspect of semiotics with the use of architectural patterns influenced by the evolution of Arsen, emphasizing the cultural capabilities and social interactions resulting from the historical function of the complex, and strengthening the level of tourism in a culturally active hub by protecting architectural works is one of the ways to preserve the historical continuity of the considered layers.

Governance is an approach that has become the dominant analytical model in urban management in recent decades. In this approach, urban management is not only in the hands of the government and the government decision-making and implementation for the city in a collaborative process between governing institutions, the private sector, and institutions. It is done popularly. In other words, it can be said that urban governance is a process that respects the presence and promotion of the role of activists in the decision-making and administration of city affairs. On the other hand, the increasing number and variety of scientific research conducted in this field is one of the reliable signs of the importance of this issue among researchers, so by benefiting from previous studies, a native model for urban governance can be created. , proposed to fit social values and be compatible with cultural and historical conditions.  Based on this, the present research has reread the scientific studies of the field of urban governance by using the meta-study approach. In this research, in addition to combining the results of previous researches, it has been tried to reflect on their processes. Therefore, firstly, the general and structural features of the previous researches are described, and then the theoretical and content framework of urban governance according to the model proposed by Sandusky and Barroso is proposed. The community studied in this research included 75 scientific-research articles focusing on urban governance in the period of 2015-2015.With the investigations obtained from the analysis of the published articles, it was found that there are methodological uncertainties in many articles. The main stream of studies in this field is made up of quantitative articles with a survey strategy and using descriptive analyzes of basic statistics and correlation analysis. In terms of time, 38% of reviewed articles were published in 2016 and 29% in 2018. From the perspective of the specialized field, 58% of the articles were compiled with the participation of geography and urban planning experts and 23% of the articles were compiled by urban planning researchers. More than 32 magazine titles have published articles in the field of governance. The scale of analysis of the articles was at different levels of neighborhood, inner city area, city and country, and 80% of the articles were assigned to the city scale. In terms of content, responsibility and accountability, effectiveness, participation, transparency and rule of law are among the most important indicators in the field of urban governance.

Due to its breadth and the need to know different areas, architecture needs to be superior to other areas to provide a supportive space for various activities. This emphasizes the central participation of this discipline, which seems to be an answerable solution to strengthen and promote creativity among architecture students. This research has been conducted to investigate the effectiveness of collaborative learning in lighting design education. The research method in this research is a combination with a nested approach. In the qualitative stage, the components of collaborative learning in light design education are extracted with a systematic review, then refinement is done. The data reduction approach is based on the extraction of semiotics-compliant components, which is the semiotic data reduction approach in the coding system. Then, the components of collaborative learning in light design training with a training plan in the meeting in two control and test groups are examined with the A-B-A technique. Grapher software is used to analyze the results of the test group and the control group. The results show that based on the results obtained from the regression model, it is determined that the average factor contribution in the control group is (0.677) and in the test group (0.763), which has increased creativity by 6%, in the control group, the highest coefficient The determination is related to originality with a value of (0.746) and the lowest is related to the fluidity variable with a value of (0.548). In the test group, the lowest fluidity variable is with a value of (0.589) and the highest is related to the flexibility variable with a value of (1.000)

Urban planning with the aim of increasing citizen vitality and urban vitality at the local and regional level is prone to designing hybrid models in order to comply with the principles of urban planning and modern architecture, as well as to beautify the streets, calm the passages in small local nuclei with vitality and local cohesion and friendly relations between neighbors will arise. Therefore, the main goal of this research was to provide a comprehensive model for the development of social vitality. Because individual and social vitality is one of the main concerns of citizens and even city and government officials, which today's society needs more than in the past. is. For this research, according to the nature of the subject and the planned goals, a meta-composite qualitative method was considered by going through seven steps in a planned process to describe the influencing factors and components in the local vitality of citizens. Since content production was one of the main pillars of this research, a framework for selecting scientific content in different formats was determined, and in this regard, the researcher was able to select 39 articles from the initial number of 234 articles through the screening process and based on keywords purposeful studies to extract the content, analyze and combine it with deep study and search so that the shape of the model is gradually formed and evolved based on the reality of the physical and social space of the neighborhoods of Tehran. The presentation of the findings based on the social vitality development model based on meta composite results, in the three dimensions of urban development and urban planning, social and cultural affairs, relations and citizenship rights, shows the number of 21 components, which with the approach of cognitive functions (physical aesthetics and urban landscape) , sociology, collective psychology) have been designed and arranged. To be an accurate and practical guide for planning the vitality of citizenship.

Identifying effective factors and indicators in the office buildings smartizing based on internet of things in order to provide a research model for communications and energy management.

To extract the initial variables, the library studies method was used and then the fuzzy Delphi method was used to present the qualitative model. To validate the proposed qualitative model, the confirmatory factor analysis method with structural equations and SmartPls software were used.

Identification of 7 factors and 32 influential indicators in the buildings Smartizing based on internet of things ecosystem is the extent of impact and prioritization of factors and provide a model for them.

It was found that legal and governmental factors, economic and social factors have the greatest impact and safety and security, communication have the highest priority on the intelligence of office buildings based on the Internet of Things ecosystem and it was suggested in office buildings to increase building security, building supervision and management Remotely create the necessary infrastructure to connect the building to law enforcement agencies and security companies and the central building portal via the Internet.

The main goal of this research is to identify effective pull-push factors on durability and out-migration of rural youth in the central district of the Kouhdasht county in Lorestan province. The research is descriptive-analytical and the research method in terms of purpose is applied. Survey method is used for data collection. The data was collected through documentary and field methods and using the questionnaire tool. The size of the statistical population of the research consists of 136 villages with a population of 64373 people, using the multi-stage cluster sampling method in the first step, 20 villages and in the next step, 345 rural youth (between 15 and 29 years old) were selected as a sample using William Cochran's formula by simple random method. The results of the research show, unequal and diverse job opportunities, more income and money, more facilities and investments, less laborious jobs, concentration of various services and top-level facilities, better educational future, comfort and prosperous life, and improvement of the social class of the youth are the most important push-pull factors among the respondents, respectively, which motivates the migration of rural youth to urban areas. In this regard, it is necessary to pay more attention to the residents of rural settlements and rural youth in the macro-planning system, to grant low-interest or free facilities in order to start new businesses, to expand welfare facilities and services in villages or rural service centers, which will reduce out-migration growth of rural youth of the central districts of the Kouhdasht County to the cities, as well as reverse migration to the rural areas of the study area.

Today, Urban design is fully operational in the process of preparing urban development plans in different countries but urban design has not yet found a suitable status in Iran. This research is studying the issue of what is the status of urban design in the process of preparation and implementation of the review plan of the detailed plan and criteria and rules of Esfahan city? And by using content analysis method, the intended elements and contents are collected and classified and analyzed. These elements include the dimensions of urban design and the subsets of them and by using the content analysis method, the amount of use of these elements is investigated in the review plan of the detailed plan of Esfahan city. The research results in three categories of urban design process, dimensions of urban design and urban design product include the following items: Suggested process: strategic – communicative Urban design dimensions: lack of adequate coverage of urban design dimensions and especially the social and perceptual dimensions in the review plan of the detailed plan and criteria and rules of urbanism and construction. Urban design product: All the urban design guidance documents have been collected in the handbook of criteria and rules of urbanism and construction, which are not structurally conform with the principles of the urban design guidance documents. The lack of three important documents is one of the several flaws in it. These documents are urban design framework, development brief and 3D master plan.:

Nowadays, by the development of cities, the relationship between humans and the surrounding environment in addition to translating this relationship into architectural elements, has been widely explored. One of the main concepts in the process of urban design is wayfinding. Humans find their direction in urban spaces mostly by the means of urban signage. Therefore, by moving through the city, a clear image of the environment should be formed in the individual’s mind in order to collect the visual information and comparing the recorded images, proceeds to find the correct direction. That is why simplifying the human’s perception of the urban environment might be one of the primary and necessary stages of urban design.  The present study object is to identify the influencing factors of legibility and illegibility of urban spaces in regards to facilitating the wayfinding process in both the old and new context of the historical city of Kerman with desert architecture and design. The present research is qualitative in nature. The research method is descriptive-analytic, and data were analyzed inductively. The data collection was conducted using library documents, field notes, and observations. Analyzing the case studies, it was observed that the wayfinding process in the old context of Kerman can be done much easier and more rapidly than the new context. The results indicated that wayfinding in the old context, due to the proper utilization of urban signage and landmarks that help the environment to be perceived better, is done more conveniently than the new context. The results of this study can help the urban designers and relevant decision-makers to use exclusive methods and create a more legible environment.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of governance on the quality of residents’ life in smart cities by presenting and evaluating a conceptual model and the case of study is the residents of Shahrdari zone, Mehrshahr, Alborz province.

It is applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive research in terms of nature. Analyzing the data has been done using the structural equations of the statistical population consisting of the residents of Shahrdari zone, Mehshahr, Karaj. At this time, the population of this area was 247000  in 1400. The data was collected through a questionnaire - 384 questionnaires were distributed- of which 358 were accepted. It contained 6 variables and 24 items. its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha and also its validity was confirmed using content validity .The nonprobability sampling method of snowball type has been used. The data collection method was also through field and library research.

The results show that the variables of responsibility and accountability (0.82), cooperation (0.61), communication (0.60), participation (0.55) and transparency respectively affect the quality of life.

The results show that the path coefficient is significant with the quality of life among all other variables. In other words, all indicators affect the quality of life, and other indicators can be called transparency, cooperation, participation, responsibility and accountability, and communication.