نشریه پژوهش در مسائل تعلیم و تربیت
شماره 69 (پاییز و زمستان 1401)

During the COVID-19 pandemic, school closures posed a challenge that changed the face of education and students have faced various challenges in online learning. The purpose present study identifying the challenges of the student education network (SHAD) During the COVID-19 Pandemic from the perspective of parents. This research, based on the purpose, following the applied research that has done by the qualitative method of phenomenological type. The participants study included all all parents of boys' schools of first secondary school in Mirjaveh city in Sistan and Baluchistan province of the 2021-2022 academic year. For this purpose, using purposive sampling method, 34 people were selected as participants. To collect the data, a semi-structured interview used.The validity of the measurement tool has confirmed through Coders agreement. Maxqda 10 software was used for data analysis.The results of the research showed that Pathology of the student education network (SHAD) during the COVID-19 Pandemic, could be classified classified form of 6 selective code(Management, psychological-physical, technological, economic-social, educational and learning challenges) 16 axial code and 36 open code. The findings of the research indicate that the online learning system and online content are not of good quality and this provided platform has not been used optimally.

The aim of the current research is the effectiveness of life skills training on the psychological security and social adjustment of female student teachers of Farhangian University of Mazandaran. The current research method is an experimental research with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group and its statistical population, 1200 female students of Farhangian University of Mazandaran province, of which 280 students were randomly selected from among the units of Farhangian University of Sari province. Questionnaire Maslow's mental security and mental health SCL-25 were completed by all students and among them 40 people who got the lowest score were selected by purposive sampling and were randomly placed in two groups of 20 people and the skills Life was taught to the experimental group during 12 sessions, and after 6 weeks, a post-test was taken from both groups, then data analysis was done using the statistical method of covariance analysis. The results of the current research show that life skills training is effective on the mental health and mental security of female students of Farhangian University of Mazandaran province (p < 0.001; F = 165.349, 2:35, df) and the group effect size is 0.904. Has been achieved. The initial level of mental health and the initial level of mental security were effective with effect sizes of 0.438 and 0.587, respectively. As a result, life skills training has been effective on the psychological security and social adjustment of female student teachers at Farhangian University of Mazandaran.

The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the necessary components and prerequisites for the professional development of school administrators. And with the method of document analysis, theoretical and research projects related to the professional development of school administrators were first examined, and then foreign studies from 2013-2020 and domestic studies from 2014 to 2014 were carefully examined and the most relevant studies were selected. became The findings of 24 foreign studies and 25 domestic studies were analyzed. After the descriptive and interpretative analysis of research results, professional development indicators were presented in 5 scientific, skill, organizational, personal and cultural-social sectors. According to the findings obtained in most of the researches, the current state of professional development has been investigated and related issues have not been paid attention to with a future-oriented approach.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the reverse class approach on self-regulation of learning of experimental science course for fifth grade elementary school students in Kermanshah in the academic year 2021-2022.

The method of this study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection, it is a quasi-experimental research with pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population of this study included all fifth grade female students in Kermanshah in the academic year 2021-2022, from which 40 people were selected by available sampling method. The data collection tools were self-regulated learning questionnaires of experimental sciences. SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the research data.

The findings show the effectiveness of the flipped classroom approach on students' self-regulation of experimental science learning
 The results showed that there is a significant difference between the level of self-regulation of learning of science students who have been trained by experimental method and students who have been trained by control method.

This article aims to identify strategies for effective implementation of curriculum changes in the cultural scope of Hormozgan, as a distinct ecosystem from other provinces of the country, using a qualitative approach and ecological study method. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. The potential participants of the research were all executive officers of the first secondary education in Hormozgan province (including staff managers, administrative experts, principals and vice-principals of schools), among whom fifteen people were selected by purposive sampling method with the logic of theoretical saturation of information. The analysis of the information obtained from the interview was done through the three-step coding method with the Strauss and Corbin approach and using the maxqda10 software. The results showed that the expectation in the Hormozgan region is that when the curriculum changes are implemented, "the whole new school be". This analysis was extracted from the following categories: improving the facilities of the schools implementing the change, persuading and preparing the local stakeholders, linking the program change with the conditions of the local community, creating an organizational culture related to the change, changing the curriculum from one place to another, improving the lives of the people implementing the change. curriculum, fair treatment of schools implementing curriculum changes; This expectation is above all a cultural-native expectation. In Hormozgan culture, change has meaning when it can be seen everywhere. We have interpreted this sight as "all-round drunkenness of the school".

The aim of the current research was to identify and analyze the pedagogic dimensions in the process of teaching-learning lifestyle skills among elementary school students. The current research was applied in terms of its purpose and mixed (qualitative and quantitative) in terms of data collection method. The statistical population in the qualitative part was managers and experts of the educational system, and in the quantitative part, the primary school students of Shahin Dej city were selected as samples in the qualitative part and 200 participants in the quantitative part. The data collection tool was in the qualitative part of the interview, which was analyzed using the content analysis method, and the data collection tool in the quantitative part was a researcher-made questionnaire, which was analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and SPSS and LISREL software. The final results of pedagogy dimensions in five main themes; Students, teachers, educational content, school and family atmosphere were identified. Also, the results of the confirmatory factor analysis test showed that the fit of the model is at an appropriate level and the dimension of teachers and educational content has the most impact and the dimension of school atmosphere has the least impact in the process of teaching and learning lifestyle skills among elementary school students.

The main goal of this study is to examine the role of treatment teachers to develop the female, high school students’ religious identity in Kermanshah city. This study have was quantitative approache and descriptive method and structured questionnaire instrument.  Data was gathered by classified questionnaires for 380 persons randomly. The statistical method of factor analysis for measurement construct validity, Alpha Cronbach is used to make the instrument reliability, there is also used Pierson’s correlation for testing hypotheses, the analysis of variance for comparing the middles and the multiple Regression and the discriminate analysis for examining the research model. According to the findings, the result, consistent correlation was 0.42 among factors of the role of treatment teachers and their beliefs, and it was 0.79 in ritual, 0.23 in the experimental aspect, 0.35 in the results. It was notified that the relation between two factors were 0.35 as whole, it was meaningful at least %95 based on Pierson’s correlation test. It concluded that it related to the statistical society too. The related results of differential analyses showed that the role of instructional teachers is the most important factor to differentiate between weak, religious identity and strong religious identity young’s.

Investigating the effectiveness of reverse learning education on the academic hope and academic vitality of first secondary school boys in experimental sciences in Birjand city. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the research consisted of all male students of the first secondary school in Birjand city in the academic year of 2022-2023. Among the statistical population, 34 students were selected by available sampling method, and all of them were randomly assigned to two experimental (17 people) and control (17 people) groups. The experimental group was taught reverse learning in 9 sessions in 60-minute a group format.  In order to collect research data, Hossein Chari and Dehghanizadeh's academic vitality questionnaire (2012) and Zarang's academic engagement (2019) were used. In order to analyze the data, univariate and multivariate covariance analysis was used. The results showed that reverse learning training is effective on students' academic vitality and hope to study in experimental sciences (p<0.01), in other words, the average academic vitality and hope to study of the experimental group has improved significantly after the test. Based on the results of this research, it is suggested that the teachers of experimental sciences, along with traditional education, use reverse learning to strengthen and improve educational variables such as students' vitality and hope for education.

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of the teaching method of reverse education using a multimedia method on the spirit of questioning and critical thinking of primary school students in the 2nd district of Urmia. The research method of this research is quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and with two control and experimental groups in terms of the applied goal and in terms of how to control the research variables. The statistical population of the research is made up of all the elementary school students of the 2nd district of Urmia in the number of 8193 people, from this statistical population, two statistical classes of 20 people (one class as the experimental group and the other class as the control group) using the sampling method Purposeful was selected as a statistical sample. In order to collect data, Masruri and Akbari's Questioning Spirit. The students of the experimental group were taught in 7 training sessions with the teaching method of reverse teaching in the multimedia method. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The findings of the research showed that reverse education in a multimedia method has a positive and significant effect on students' critical thinking and questioning spirit. Therefore, the teaching method of reverse education using multimedia method can lead to deepening and enriching the learning of primary school students.

In educational and training frameworks, achievement goals are the criterion used to assess the success of educational objectives. The goal of this study is to forecast social Achievement goals for female high school students in Tabriz Fifth district of Education using measures of cognitive flexibility, experience avoidance, and distress tolerance. This study used a descriptive and correlational methodology. The statistical population of this study consists of 104 individuals that were chosen by accessible sampling from the second-year female students of Tabriz's five education districts who attended high school in the years 1400–1401. The participants filled out questionnaires on social development goals from Ryan and Hopkins (2003), cognitive flexibility from Martin and Rubin (1995), distress tolerance from Simmons and Gaher (2005), and experience avoidance from Gams et al. (2011). Data analysis methods included simultaneous regression and correlation. The findings of this study revealed a considerable connection between the social achievement goals, experiential avoidance, and distress tolerance. Additionally, the outcomes of the simultaneous regression demonstrated that distress tolerance can predict both performance and performance avoidance aims. The findings of this study may help managers, teachers, and assistant teachers better understand how students avoid academic problems and increase their ability to tolerate suffering in students.

The purpose of this research was to compare Quranic and normal schools in terms of their educational and moral components. The research method is a comparative descriptive method that was carried out using George F. Brady's method. This method consists of four stages of description, interpretation, comparison and comparison. The field of research includes Quranic schools and normal schools in Isfahan city and targeted sampling, 10 Quranic schools and 10 normal schools were selected and investigated through interviews. The findings showed that there are similarities and differences between Quranic and normal schools in terms of dealing with educational and moral components. In terms of similarities in both types of schools, the educational courses provided by education, similar methods of encouragement to motivate students, holding religious and non-religious ceremonies and morning programs and their implementation by students, school starting hours, holding congregational prayers. , systematic classes, implementation of approved education laws, holding various educational and recreational camps, and holding family education meetings are the proposed solutions. In terms of the differences in Quranic schools, the student's attendance time is about one bell more, holding extra-curricular Quran classes two days a week and parents' participation in moral education compared to normal schools. Therefore, it can be concluded that in Quranic schools, compared to normal schools, more attention is paid to educational and moral components such as teaching life skills, creating a spirit of cooperation and cooperation, and developing and stabilizing students' personality (strengthening self-esteem and self-confidence).

The aim of the study was to analyze the dropout of students who were assisted by the Imam Khomeini (S) relief committee in Sanandaj city and the solutions to deal with it. The research of the present research was qualitative and specifically, the case study strategy was used. The field of research was all the students of Sanandaj city, 16 students were purposefully selected as a sample. Data collection tools were open semi-structured interviews, observational field notes, and documents. The findings of the research showed that 14 categories have an effect on dropping out of education, including: weak teachers' competence in students, inability to connect with classmates, forced students to study, financial problems of families, lack of students' spontaneity, human relations, weak school factors, disproportionately from family, relationships. Epidemic viruses are the failure of the educational system to reduce the students' abilities, the low regard for literacy in the society, the family is a painful family, the lack of support and solidarity of the relevant support organizations, the weakness of facilities and infrastructure in schools and the low literacy of parents. Also, 7 solutions to deal with the reduction or prevention of dropping out include: supporting school teaching members, supporting teachers, collecting books for students in difficult academic conditions, comprehensive support of the relief committee for families who need help, adapting the policies of the education system to the needs of students' governments, using implementation strategies and Specified. The support of the academic committee is to help students.