فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت ترافیک
پیاپی 69 (تابستان 1402)

In the process of occurrence of crimes and violations, one of the most important and fundamental aspects is the victim and the victim who has been harmed by the occurrence of these behaviors And she needs to be supported, the emergence of restorative justice is the result of one of the changes in attitudes toward criminal justice and crime thinking over the past two decades. Restorative justice aims to involve all parties involved in the crime in this process, and with tools such as mediation, the goal is to decriminalize and prosecute and not pursue the accused as much as possible. The Law on Traffic Violations provides for various provisions to protect the injured party, some of which are based on financial support through insurance, and in the criminal field, criminalization have been made to protect the injured party.Therefore, in this study, the status of injured protection in the law on handling traffic violations has been investigated.

In this research, the library and documentary method has been used to collect the required data and information, then the data has been analyzed from a legal perspective using an analytical-descriptive method.

The findings of this study indicate changes in legislative policy and turning to the approach of restorative justice and in the law on handling traffic violations are good signs of protection of the injured in particular and the results show an increase. Legal protections are more damaging than previous regulations

Expanding and promoting urban public transportation services is one of the main priorities of decision-makers in densely populated cities due to its many benefits. Therefore, identifying and prioritizing the attractiveness of public transportation services in Gorgan is one of the most important issues in promoting and expanding public transportation in this city.The current research is exploratory and mixed in terms of purpose, and practical in terms of results, which was done in two related steps: 1- Using the method of content analysis and theoretical and purposeful sampling, 18 experts and users of the service were selected and their opinions were obtained through semi-structured in-depth interviews, The analysis of codes led to the identification of 120 codes as influencing factors on the attractiveness of public transportation, and these codes were categorized into 9 components according to their relationship. 2- Using the fuzzy Delphi technique, 16 experts as urban experts and 26 people as service users were selected through theoretical sampling and their opinions were collected through a questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale and the data were analyzed.According to urban experts, information, service providers, vehicles, security and station status are significant as five important components in the attractiveness of public transportation services, while service users have somewhat different opinions than urban experts. And according to them, the five important components are, in order of priority, vehicle factors, access, information, service providers and station status.

This study aimed to identify the factors of (mutual) beatings of NAJA traffic police and drivers and by playing the role of human communication components, proper interactions and religious considerations of social relations between police and drivers. This research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods in terms of applied purpose and in terms of research method. The statistical population was the qualitative part of the elites in the fields of road, social and legal, and sociology, and the comprehensive statistical part was the quantitative part of road experts and drivers, which was the sample size of Morgan table and possible stratified sampling method. Data collection tools were in-depth interviews and questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Human communication is the most important factor that prevents the mutual beating of traffic police and drivers. That is, avoiding interrupting the audience and observing appropriate gestures in the conversation can greatly prevent mutual beatings. The results of the quantitative section also show that the traffic police should pay attention to the legal consequences of the beating. In general, the causes of police beatings by drivers are lack of religious beliefs, drivers 'innate tendency to aggressive behaviors, abnormal job status, and drivers' lack of awareness in communicating humanely with traffic police.

Ensuring traffic safety at the level of inner and outer city roads is one of the basic principles governing transportation planning, which is implemented through the formulation of traffic plans in the road network. Due to the population of less than 30 thousand people and the lack of approved traffic plans, satellite cities are involved in disorder and many traffic problems. The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying factors affecting traffic lawfulness in satellite cities of Alborz province.

The current research is applied and qualitative. The statistical sample included three groups of road users (traffic police experts, highway organization experts, and municipal experts) in the number of 20 people after reaching theoretical saturation using the snowball method. Then, using the semi-structured interview tool, research data was collected, coded, analyzed and evaluated.

The results of the research show that 5 factors (safety-public transportation-crossing and traffic-monitoring and control-culturalization) had the most effective contribution to the traffic legality of satellite cities of Alborz...

According to the results of the interview, it is suggested to promote and improve the legality of traffic in the satellite cities of Alborz province by paying attention to the identified factors of safety - public transportation - crossing and traffic - monitoring and control - practical culturalization.

Nowadays, online taxi request in Iranian cities, including Tehran, has become one of the most important and popular services. The increase in the use of these services is due to the appropriate design of software and sites by various companies that people of all ages can easily use. But examining the mental patterns of young Internet taxi drivers can help to better understand the factors that influenced drivers. Specifically, this research has identified factors related to driving and other factors that can help improve driving behavior and reduce accidents among young Internet taxi drivers.This research is applied in terms of objective, descriptive method and mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of data collection and analysis. The statistical population under investigation is all online taxi drivers. Data collection tool is structured interview and Q table.Studying the mental models of young drivers of internet taxis and their impact on driving behavior and possible risks can help to improve driving behavior and reduce accidents in this group of drivers. The results show that six mental models regarding factors affecting the transportation of the country by drivers. Young Internet taxis are provided. The most important of these models are: ineffective drainage system and brake failure. Therefore, we should focus on these criteria to reduce accidents.The use of these models can be considered as a framework for developing training programs to improve driving behavior and reduce accidents.

This study was conducted the effect of environmental factors on distracted driving. For this purpose, an applied assessment was carried out in District 5 of Tehran, and the driving performance of 37 drivers was investigated in different traffic environments (urban and rural area) and under different types of distraction sources (conversation with passenger, mobile phone).

In this study, the behavior of drivers was evaluated in an inconspicuous way using a qualitative method.

According to the findings, drivers reduce their speed when there is one of the distracting factors in urban areas, while this is not the case in rural areas. Besides, there is no difference in the lateral position with or without distraction factors in rural areas, but there are some changes in the lateral position of distracted drivers in urban areas. Conversation with passengers causes more instability of the lateral position of the vehicle and increases the driver's reaction time. Drivers keep a greater distance from the vehicle in front when conversing with passengers in rural areas compared to the absence of distracting factors. Finally, the reaction time is almost the same with or without distracting factors in rural areas.

The results show that drivers will commit fewer violations if intelligent transportation systems are used on roads. So, it is recommended that the possibility of distracting the drivers is minimized and more safety factors are provided in rural and urban roads by equipping the roads with these systems.