فصلنامه زبان شناسی اجتماعی
سال ششم شماره 4 (پیاپی 24، پاییز 1402)

The ever-increasing development of the Internet and the creation of emojis has led to the emergence and development of a new language for the new generation of communication and facilitating human interactions in the context of social networks. The purpose of this research was to investigate the types of linguistic functions of emojis on Twitter based on the approach of Haring and Dinas (2017), which was carried out and discussed with the method of quantitative content analysis. By selecting the top three hashtags in each of the social, economic, culture and health fields, 5000 tweets were selected as the statistical population and among them, 1200 tweets were randomly selected from male and female users and in the time frame. Six months from March 1399 to September 1400 were selected as a sample and coded using Maxqda software, the share of each domain was 300 tweets. Based on the results, in total, the tweets had the highest frequency of occurrence in the order of interpretive, emotional, polite, emphatic, structural, communicative and referential functions.

In its old definition, onomastics, or the study of names, is a science that examines the etymology and meaning of proper names; however, in its more recent definition, it covers a much broader scope. Today, onomastics has several branches, like personal names, place names, animal names, commercial names and names in literature. In addition, it paves the way for interdisciplinary studies. As a result, it attracts an increasing number of researchers from different disciplines. This paper provides an overview of a selection of western institutions, regional and international conferences and congresses, scientific journals, academic/research centers and key references dedicated to onomastics. In the final section, the study of names in the western world is explored from a comparative standpoint and suggestions are offered to promote this branch of knowledge in Iran. This paper is especially useful for students, researchers and those interested in expanding their knowledge about onomastics in the western world.

Creating an effective language communication requires mastery of verbal and non-verbal skills. One of these verbal skills is politeness in social interactions. The current research has investigated the ways of observing politeness in classroom conversations based on Brown and Levinson’s (1987) theory of politeness. The data of the study were collected during several meetings that were held in some educational institutions in Bushehr including Azad and Payame Noor universities. The results indicate that negative politeness strategies have been used almost twice as much as positive politeness strategies, and in some cases positive politeness strategies have been used along with negative politeness. The highest frequency of negative politeness belonged to the four strategies "be conventionally indirect", "question, hedge", "give deference", and "apologize", and "notice, attend to the interests, wants, and needs of H", "exaggerate", "seeking agreement" and "give reasons" had the highest frequency of positive politeness. Examining the components of politeness in classroom discourse is effective in identifying this discourse as an academic discourse. In addition, these findings can be used in teaching foreign languages, which requires a comparative comparison of cultures and traditions.

One of the new approaches of text analysis in the fields of semiotics,is social semiotics with an interdisciplinary function.One of the important theories in the discussion of social semiotics, which examines the status and function of signs in society, belongs to Pierre Giraud who classified signs in a society into identity and social etiquette.Identity marks represent the individual’s distinction from other individuals in society,which shows the organizationof society and relations between individuals and groups and is formed according tothe dominant atmosphere of society in human nature.The aim of the current research is to find the social signs of identity in Makhzan al-Asrar (The Treasury of Mysteries), a classical literary texts for studying societies, ethics and their impact on human identity, based on Pierre Giroud's view. Using a descriptive-analytical method, this research extracted the social signs of identity from the stories of the Makhzan al-Asrar. The findings showed that Nizami used the identity symbols of the group, names, titles, occupations and religious in order of frequency to distinguish different types of human functions from those of society and even other beings, and showed the interaction of identity and society with each other which was reflected in the form of moral vices and virtues in the behavior of members of his ideal or contemporary society.

The higher education system of any country is one of the most important institutions because it trains the forces that take charge of the administration of the country, so wrong policies in this institution can cause serious damage to the country. One of these wrong approaches to science that has entered Iran's higher education in recent decades is the quantitative and economic view of science and the commercialization of knowledge. This research aims to show how the economic and commercial view of science is reflected in their speeches by examining the metaphor of science/knowledge in the speeches of three presidents. In terms of theoretical and methodological framework, this research is based on Lakoff and Johnson (1998) and Chartres-Black (2004). The results of the data analysis show that Mahmoud Ahmadinejad used more metaphorical discourse in his speeches compared to the other two presidents. Also, the conceptual fields of goods, place, and travel are the most frequently used conceptual fields as the origin of metaphors in the body of reference. The field of origin "goods" is the most frequently known field with 78% of the statistics extracted from conceptual metaphors. In addition, the prominence of the commercial and economic view of science in the speeches of all three presidents shows the mentality that has led to the current awkward situation in universities.

Titles, kinship terms and nicknames are supplementary words that are voluntarily inserted next to the individuals’ names and are often used to pay tribute and show the kinship relation or social status of the person. The purpose of this study is to investigate the social titles, kinship terms as well as nicknames in 424 condolence letters collected from different areas in Tabriz, Iran. This paper reports a descriptive-analytical study. Findings indicate that there are many differences between using kinship terms and social titles as far as the gender of individuals are concerned. According to the findings, the frequency of social titles in the group of men (2781) is much higher than the frequency in that of women (328), which emphasizes the importance of the social roles attached to men in the genre under study. On the other hand, the number of kinship titles for women is higher, both in terms of type (51 cases) and in terms of frequency (1599), which in fact compensates for the limitation of titles and social titles for women. Regarding the reference to job titles such as "doctor" and "engineer", the frequency of job titles is higher in men corpus

Although there are a lot of evidence that refer to the problems of mono-lingual autistic children’s problem in telling stories and executive functions (EFs), there are not enough information regarding the effect of bilingualism on these skills in bilingual children specifically Iranian bilingual children. The present research investigated and compared the effect of bilingualism on the story telling and EFs of twenty 7-12 years old bilingual and monolingual autistic children and 20 bilingual and monolingual normal children. The stories were analyzed with regard to their microstructure elements. Also, two EF tasks namely, a global-local visual attention task and a 2-back working memory task were administered to the same children. The findings of the study showed that bilingual autistic children outperformed their mono-lingual peers in story structure complexity and the use of adverbial clauses. In the global-local visual attention task and a 2-back working memory task, bilingual autistic children were faster and more accurate than their monolingual peers who were more susceptible to inference from local information in compare to other experimental groups. The speed and accuracy of bilingual autistic children were higher in compare to those of their monolingual peers in 2-back task. The correlational analysis between storytelling and EF skills showed that bilingual autistic children in compare to their monolingual peers drew on a broader range of EF in narrating stories. The results of the research showed that bilingual autistic children outperformed their monolingual peers in the production of microstructure elements, visual attention and the working memory skills.