نشریه مطالعات تاریخ انتظامی
پیاپی 39 (زمستان 1402)

The White Revolution or the King's Revolution was one of the basic plans and plans of the Pahlavi government, which was implemented in the country by Mohammad Reza Pahlavi in 1341 AH. This plan was initially proposed as a social, political and economic revolution, but after it was implemented, due to mismanagement, it did not reach the main goal, which was the growth and production of large-scale agriculture in the country, and it led to the widespread poverty of the villagers. Many organizations and bodies started to work and advertise widely in order to make it operational, and one of these bodies was the General Directorate of Gendarmerie of Iran. This organization played an influential role during the implementation of the land reform program in the villages of Iran and was the only safe support and representative of the government at the level of the country's villages. One of the basic activities that the Gendarmerie carried out during the land reforms was the formation of a stability force and its educational activities at the level of remote villages of Iran. The villages of Bushehr province were also among the areas where the force of sustainability was widely active, and the positive and negative effects of these activities on people's thoughts and opinions in the long term were visible. This research was conducted with the method of qualitative content analysis and historical analysis and based on documentary studies and oral history, and its purpose is to investigate the impact of training programs of the sustainability force on the implementation of the White Revolution programs and especially land reforms in Bushehr province and its villages. The main question of this research is, what effect did the educational plans of the sustainability force have on the implementation of the reform programs of the White Revolution and especially the land reforms in Bushehr? The result of this research shows that this force was able to influence the awareness and understanding of the people of Bushehr villages with the world outside their life.

The Seljuk era is one of the most influential periods in the middle history of Iran. Therefore, historians and researchers have paid attention to the Seljuk government from various political, military, cultural and social aspects, but due to the prominent role of slaves in this era, no research has been done that specifically deals with the military and policing functions of slaves. In this research, the author collects data by using historical and research texts related to the research topic (library method) and with a descriptive-analytical method, he seeks to answer the diversity and evolution of the military and policing functions of slaves in the Seljuk era. The author's claim is that in the time frame of the Seljuk rule, the variety and transformation of the military and policing functions of the slaves was significant and it was connected with the need and condition of the government and the ambitious efforts of the slaves. The findings of the research show that after the establishment of the Seljuk government, the use of slaves in the army and protection and security jobs was one of the priorities and necessities of the government. The trust of the sultans and government officials in the slaves and the loyalty of the slaves to their masters, having special qualities to do the work and meet the satisfaction of the owners, led to the continuous employment and promotion of slaves from low levels to high officials in the military and law enforcement arena.

Order and then establishing security are considered to be the most fundamental bases for the survival of all societies and governments in such a way that as each society becomes larger and more complex, the need for order and security is felt more and more. Iran, as the first founder of an extensive imperial government system, has tested all kinds of devices to create order and security throughout history, and one of these solutions during the Achaemenid period was the creation of Kheshathrapan or satrap forces in the states under the command of the great king. The word Kheshathrapan means the guardian of the state or the governor, is a Persian word that is referred to the satrap of a state in Greek. They were known as the keepers of the order and security of the city and were responsible for many duties, which shows their influence and power in different states. The current research was conducted with a descriptive-analytical method and based on documentary-library studies, and its purpose is to investigate the effect of Kheshathrapans on ensuring the order and security of the Achaemenid society. In the end, the results of this research show that the order and security established in the Achaemenid states is due to the creation of a force called Kheshathrapan, which was influenced by the religious beliefs of the Achaemenid kings and was fruitful by following the example of material organizations and was imitated by subsequent governments.

Although the origin of most Iranian rulers and governments after Islam was tribes and nomads, after gaining power and focusing on it, they started to fight against any rebelliousness, arbitrariness and centrism of other tribes, even their own relatives. Historical evidences and data indicate that throughout the Qajar period, some of Iran's elites, by engaging in destructive actions, created grounds for deprivation of security in the cities and villages of the country and caused trouble for the central government. In this research, using historical data and a descriptive-analytical method, the most important examples and examples of the anti-security role of Iran's tribes and nomads in the Qajar period (1210-1344 A.H.), i.e. making trade and travel routes insecure, creating insecurity and... is placed Also, this article tries to answer the question, what were the practical mechanisms of the Qajar kings and government officials to deal with this important challenge? The results of the research show that hostage taking and military suppression, political alliances and marriages, the use of nomadic military forces and the construction of military fortifications could not completely end the anti-security role of nomads and this fundamental problem continued until the forced resettlement of nomads during the reign of Reza Shah. It has continued.

Providing security for governments is essential and without it any activity is impossible. This matter has gone through different stages throughout history according to the conditions and requirements. In the last five centuries, with the beginning of the new era, maritime security and its presence have played a prominent role in regional and global equations. In the 18th century, after two centuries of efforts by the Europeans, the force and navy played the most important role in providing the security of governments at the international level, which coincided with the extinction of the Safavid government and the formation of the Nadir government. The Safavids did not pay much attention to the sea and the navy, but their successors, including Nader, showed special attention and interest in the establishment of a naval fleet, especially in the Persian Gulf, which was the location of European forces and ships, in spite of many problems and problems. This rare action was surprising considering the lack of any Iranian navy and its requirements in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Now the problem is why Nader showed so much interest and attention to the navy? Was he trying to establish maritime and coastal security or did he have higher goals, such as confronting the naval fleet of other countries, including European countries, at the regional or international level? Investigations indicate that all that rare effort was not only for providing coastal security or dealing with a few local rebellions, but was pursuing a broader perspective at the regional and international levels. It is clear that the research method will be based on descriptive data collection and analysis and criticism of those data with an analytical approach in order to explain the problem.

Unity and empathy, cooperation and interaction along with jihadist and revolutionary spirit in the Iran-Iraq war were among the indicators that kept the armed forces together on the battlefield. The purpose of this article is to explain the initiatives in the Iran-Iraq war, resulting from the timely interaction and cooperation of the military and law enforcement forces, which due to the difficult and complex situation of this war (international sanctions, the alliance of the enemy front with the Baath army of Iraq against the Islamic Republic, the lack of troops trained and equipped and facilities) is one of the factors of Iran's victory. The current research is applied in terms of type and in terms of qualitative method, which is compiled with descriptive-analytical approach and documentary and library method. The sample size in this research is 10 people from the commanders of the police, gendarmerie and the Islamic Revolution Committee who were selected through a structured interview and using the purposeful sampling method and after reaching saturation. The present study examines 7 joint operations of the police, gendarmerie, the Islamic Revolution Committee and the Islamic Republic of Iran Army and six outstanding examples of initiatives in military and law enforcement operations in the Iran-Iraq war. The results of this research are to create unity and interaction, multilateral development of the process of innovations, full use of all the capabilities of the military and law enforcement forces, paying attention to short-term, more limited, more specific and specialized strategies, monitoring and monitoring threats and presenting innovative and creative counter models, building trust and Confidence about the ability of the armed forces in the fields of maintaining and protecting the borders and national and internal security of the country refers to the cooperation and assistance of the armed forces and creating the behavior and spirit of innovation and originality among the employees.