فصلنامه گیاه و زیست فناوری ایران
سال هجدهم شماره 4 (زمستان 1402)

Aquaporins exist in almost all living organisms and play a role in regulating various physiological phenomena. Aquaporins (AQP) are not only water channels but also multifunctional membrane proteins. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on the expressions of some aquaporin genes in wheat plants. The expression of several aquaporins, including PIP2-6, PIP2-1, PIP2-5, PIP1-3, NIP1-3, and NIP1-4 in response to the symbiosis of wheat roots with Glomus mosseae fungus was evaluated by real-time PCR method. Mycorrhizal symbiosis down-regulated the expression of PIP2-6 and PIP2-1 genes. In response to the mycorrhizal symbiosis, the expression of PIP2-5 and PIP1-3 genes also showed a similar down-regulation trend compared with the control. In contrary, mycorrhizal symbiosis up-regulated the expression of NIP1-3 and NIP1-4 genes in response to the mycorrhizal symbiosis. Statistical analysis also showed that there is a significant correlation between the expressions of the genes evaluated. There was a significant positive correlation between NIP1-3 and NIP1-4 genes, while they displayed a significant negative correlation with other target genes. There was a significant positive correlation between PIP2-6, PIP2-1, PIP2-5, and PIP1-3 genes. These results indicate that the effect of mycorrhiza can vary depending on the type of mycorrhiza.

Water and soil salinity are one of the serious and developing problems in the world, and a large area of the country's land is also facing this problem. The use of fungal microorganisms in reducing environmental stress such as salinity has become a global solution. In order to evaluate the effect of fungal elicitors on the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments and the amount of proline under salinity stress conditions of Otamaran date palm seedlings, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design with 3 levels of salinity and 3 levels of biological elicitors in the horticultural science laboratory. became. The effect of elicitors at 3 levels of fungal consortium (bioactive) (BFC), fungal elicitor with 1000 PPM concentration (EL1), fungal elicitor with 2000 PPM concentration (EL2), the second factor of salinity at three levels (zero, 150 and 300 mM) was evaluated. The results showed that at 300 mM salinity, EL1 mushroom elicitor was able to increase proline compared to other salinity levels. EL2 mushroom elicitor showed more chlorophyll a and total at 300 mM salinity level, and at 150 mM salinity level, the live fungus consortium caused more chlorophyll a. The use of elicitor can be effective in reducing the effects of salinity stress in dates, but the level of stress can determine the effect of each elicitor.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of bacterial chemical integrated feeding system on yield and yield components of wheat phonological growth stages. Treatments included: Two levels of bio fertilizers B1: Seed inoculation with bio fertilizer, B2: Sterile inoculated seed, three levels of N fertilizer N1: Nitrogen fertilizer application 20% less than recommended, N2: Nitrogen fertilizer equal to recommended, N3: Nitrogen fertilizer application was 20% more than recommended in 4 replications in a completely randomized block design. The results showed that using B2N2 treatment, grain yield was 16.14% and 16.36% higher than B2N1 and B2N3, respectively. By applying B2N2 treatment, 1000-grain weight was higher than B2N1 and B2N3 as 11.05% and 6.92%, respectively. Grain yield was increased with simple nitrogen fertilizer treatment by fertilizer application 20% less than recommended at 12.20% and by application of fertilizer by 20% higher than recommended by 16.67% which was significant. The effect of bio fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer treatments on bio farm inoculation and nitrogen application on sterile inoculation was quite noticeable. Therefore, bio farm fertilizer application and nitrogen fertilizer application are based on fertilizer recommendation to improve yield of wheat and its components. This highlights the importance of the bacterial chemical fusion system at different stages of wheat growth.

This research was designed in order to increase the quality and longevity of Alstroemeria cut flowers after harvesting. In this study, the puls treatment of salicylic acid at three levels of 50, 100 and 150 mg/liter and then the preservative solution of silver nanoparticles 2 mg/liter with 3% sucrose was used. Distilled water and silver nanoparticles with sucrose were used as controls. The experiment was conducted as a factorial in the form of a completely randomized statistical design with 5 treatments and 3 replications (each treatment included 5 Alstroemeria cut flower branches). Sampling and measurement of desired traits were done on the 5th, 10th and 15th days of the experiment. The results showed that the highest relative fresh weight, solution absorption rate, percentage of cell membrane stability index and shelf life of Alstroemeria cut flowers were in salicylic acid 150+ silver nano particles+ sucrose Treatment. The highest amount of soluble solids, anthocyanin content and total chlorophyll was obtained in salicylic acid 100+ silver nanoparticles+ sucrose treatment. Therefore, concentrations of 100 and 150 mg/L of salicylic acid with nanoparticles 2 mg/L and sucrose 3% can be recommended to improve the morphophysiological characteristics and shelf life of Alstromeria spp.

In order to investigate the effect of application nitrogen and phosphorus biofertilizers on the yield and yield components of white beans, a study was conducted at Yasouj University during 2022. The experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a completely randomized block design with three replications. The experimental treatments included four levels of nitroxin and phosphate barvar 2 biofertilizers, and each at four levels (0, 80, 100, and 120% of the recommended amount). The results showed that the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer treatments was significant on all traits. The interaction effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the number of pods per plant, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index was significant. The mean comparison showed that the increase in the application rate of nitroxin and phosphate barvar 2 to 120% led to an increase in growth and, as a result, an increase in the morphological characteristics of the plant, such as the plant height and number of sub-branches in plant. On the other hand, with the increase in the application rate of both fertilizers, the grain yield components have also increased, which has led to an increase in the final grain yield. At the level of both types of nitroxin fertilizer and phosphate barvar 2, the application of 120% led to the highest amount of 100 seed weight of 30 and 28.83 grams, respectively. The highest amount of seed yield and biological yield of 1824 and 5450 kg.ha-1, respectively, were obtained in the application of 120% of Nitroxin and Phosphate barvar 2 treatments, and after that, it led to the highest harvest index as well. Therefore, it was determined that in order to obtain the highest seed yield in white bean, 120% of Nitroxin and Phosphate barvar 2 should be applied.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the antioxidant properties of Helichrysum oocephalum Boiss plant extract. In this research, after collecting the plant, its aerial parts and roots were powdered, then extraction was done by maceration method. For this purpose, three different solvents (propylene glycol, ethanol and glycerol) were used and the concentrations were 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/ml were obtained from propylene glycol, ethanol and glycerol extracts. Finally, the antioxidant properties of the extracts were measured using the DPPH test. Using the IC50 test, the concentration of the extract, which has antioxidant properties, was obtained. The results showed that the propylene glycol extract of the plant at a concentration of 40 mg/ml has the highest antioxidant properties, while the glycerol and ethanol extracts were ranked next. Statistical analysis also showed a significant difference (P<0.05). Also, the IC50 value for propylene glycol extract is equal to 12.40, which shows the high antioxidant power of the desired extract compared to the control, and the ethanol and glycerol extracts are after the propylene glycol extract, respectively. It seems that the propylene glycol extract of the plant at a concentration of 40 mg/ml can be used as an antioxidant compound in various industries including pharmaceuticals.