نشریه پژوهش های انقلاب اسلامی
پیاپی 46 (پاییز 1402)

The model of democracy was established in Iran as one of the most creative models of political systems after the 1979 revolution. The process of establishment and continuation of this model of governance is different from the model of liberal democracy and in the opposite direction to the universal trend of secularism and the explanation of its various dimensions needs research. In this research, from the thought of Ayatollah Motahhari, who was the chairman of the Revolutionary Council and its ideologue, the indicators of the model of religious democracy and their internal relationship are obtained by analytical-descriptive method and the use of library resources and works. According to the results of this study, belief in the political authority of religion and the position of the people in politics provides the basis for the establishment of a religious democracy system, with the establishment of this system and observance of the law, political equality and freedom; The nation and the government will move towards the implementation of justice and independence, and as a result, more turn to religion and a stronger presence of the people, and this situation will create the cycle of establishing and consolidating the religious democracy system.

Narrative, as a source of soft power by creating recognition, vision and persuasion, has various functions at the level of every society, one of which is creating common social understanding to deal with threats and influence. In this regard, an attempt has been made to use documentary-library sources and descriptive-analytical method, while addressing the process of creating the image of the presence of America based on two narratives before and after 1342 in the eyes of the public opinion in Iran, the ability Let's examine the narratives in creating a unified understanding of the Iranian society about the behavior of this country and its impact on the social support or opposition to the American actions. Therefore, in response to the question, "What effect has the narrative created by America after 1342 had on public opinion and increasing the collective social power of the Iranian society to confront America's actions in Iran?" We are seeking to prove the hypothesis that creating a common social understanding of the interventionist face of America, creating a vision of creating national independence and determining the destiny of the society by the people themselves through a new narrative, from 1342 onwards, will lead to the formation of unity and increase The collective power of the society in repelling the threats and influence of the United States.

The statement of the second step of the Islamic Revolution is a text that was published by the Supreme Leader at the same time as the 40th anniversary of the victory of the Islamic Revolution. Considering the importance of management and succession and its emphasis in the statement of the second step, it is necessary to examine the indicators of the second step in succession. The current research conducted to evaluate the indicators of the second step of the revolution in succession and developing a related model. The place of the research was Iran Statistics Center and Information Vice-Chancellors in the Management and Planning Organization, with an interpretative-inductive study.

The evaluations of this study were a developmental and exploratory mixed method in which the qualitative part of the research, using interviews and thematic analysis method, in order to create a pattern, and the quantitative part, using a questionnaire. The statistical community in the qualitative section was academic experts who are proficient in the subject and experienced in the statistics center, and in the quantitative section, the relevant staff of the statistics center. A semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire were used to collect data. To analyze the data in a mixed manner and with thematic analysis method in the qualitative part of the interview technique, data coding and statistics of the initial model and in the quantitative part after collecting information through questionnaires and performing statistical tests, the final model was extracted.

the indicators counted from the second step of the revolution include individual competencies, spiritual competencies, communication and management competencies, and values and beliefs, and among these, individual competencies have the highest position compared to other merits.Key words: Succession management, statement of the second step of the revolution

With the collapse of the former Soviet Union, a unipolar system led by the United States was formed at the international level. In this period of time, American foreign policies developed from the expansion of military bases in different regions, intervention in civil, regional and proxy wars, etc. The formation of emerging powers such as China and Russia, successive failures in the countries of the West Asian region, as well as the inability to confront Iran as an influential political and security country in the region, became the grounds for the decline of American power at the international level. This research is a descriptive-analytical study and the data collection method is library. In this research, we will discuss the decline of America in the West Asian region and the role of the Islamic Revolution in the defense thought of Imam Khamenei. The findings of the research show that after the Islamic revolution, the Supreme Leader expressed the theory of resistance and opposition to the hegemonic policies of America from Iran, and this policy was implemented in Islamic Iran. In this regard, the Islamic Republic tried to expand the theory of resistance. The Imam and the Supreme Leader played an irreplaceable and fundamental role in shaping the theory of resistance and people's convergence with it, and ultimately they shaped the causes of the decline of American power at the regional and international level.

One of the concerns of modernist Muslim thinkers during the last 150 years has been to investigate the causes of the backwardness of Islamic societies and to try to provide a solution to realize a kind of indigenous and religion-based model of the concept of development. Therefore, we are witnessing the formation of a variety of development patterns in leading Islamic countries such as Iran, Malaysia, Turkey, Qatar and Saudi Arabia, which have resulted in different patterns from each other according to the local requirements of the domestic societies and the type of reading of Islam. Question). In this research, by applying the data-based theorizing strategy, we aim to explain and understand the thinking layers of the thought of progress from the perspective of Imam Khomeini during his ten-year leadership period on the Islamic Republic of Iran (research method). Therefore, the research question can be expressed as follows: considering the importance and central position of the thought of development in Imam Khomeini's view, what components are its layers of thought based on? (Research Question) Based on the categorization and categorization of existing research findings, the thinking layers of Imam Khomeini's thought of progress are based on 5 major axes: identification of drivers, preparation, utopianism, the necessities of the development model, and the goals of the development model. Based on this, the model of development in the eyes of Imam Khomeini should be studied as a coherent and structured system of thought, which includes the idea of progress with the aim of deepening monotheistic culture, and developing a moral society based on psychological needs, elements of Islamic culture and emphasizing It emphasizes the different dimensions of human existence, with the view of the historical experience of civilization and away from the challenges of non-native models.

The Islamic Revolution of Iran has transnational consequences that could breathe new life into the body of Muslims around the world, especially Shiites. One of the most important of them is Shiite groups in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Shiites make up the majority of the country's population, making it the second largest Shiite country in the world. The focus of this article is to answer the question of what effect the Islamic Revolution of Iran had on the convergence of the Shiite groups of Azerbaijan. Iran has revitalized the Shiites of the Republic of Azerbaijan, who in the past decades, under the influence of the ruling secular political system of the country, and far from the idea of political Islam and religious movements. Findings and results show that the reflection of the Islamic Revolution of Iran on the Shiites of Azerbaijan, through the transmission of displacement, transmission and hierarchy due to the cultural, religious and geographical proximity of Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan and the alignment of leaders of Iranian Shiite parties and groups with the leaders of the Islamic Revolution. It has been more influential than any other factor in the origin, destination, and subject matter of the broadcast.

The unrest in January 2016 had irreparable consequences on the security of the country. The occurrence of similar phenomena in the future can have more destructive consequences on the security of the country, hence the effort to identify the components that cause these phenomena and provide solutions. The main purpose of this article is to prevent their occurrence and investigate teenagers and young people in these unrests. The research method is based on descriptive-analytical method.According to the findings of the research, there is a significant relationship between the various aspects of the unemployment factor, economic corruption, high prices, generation gap, lifestyle and collective behavior of young people in these unrests.But the main question that this article tries to answer is, what effect did teenagers and young people have on these unrest? This article will seek to answer this question. In this regard, the theories of Alan Thorne, Manuel Castells and Robert Tedgar's theory of relative deprivation have been used to explain the problem. In response to this question, this hypothesis is proposed; (The factor of unemployment played the biggest role in the protests in 2016. Then the factor of corruption and finally the factor of high prices also played a role. Also, the events of 2016 showed that our society suffered It has become a generational gap, a gap between generations and lifestyles.

The purpose of this research is to determine the political responsibilities of professors and students from the perspective of the leaders of the Islamic Republic of Iran, which was conducted using a qualitative research method, and their speeches were collected and analyzed from the beginning of leadership until the end of October 2019. The primary sources of Imam Khomeini's speeches include the website for expansion of Imam Khomeini's opinions and ideas, the books of Universities and Academicians, Education and Training from the Perspective of Imam Khomeini, and The Mission of Educators and Academics from Imam Khomeini's point of view; and the main sources of the Supreme Leader's speeches were the books of The Light of Science, The Shadow of Gurdianship in seven volumes, and the speeches published on the website of the Supreme Leader. The duties were categorized, compiled, and coded by thematic analysis method and the data nalysis showed that the political-security duties of professors and students includ "organizational work and political unity" with 16.20%; "revolutionary spirit" with 14.40%; "fulfillment of political role" with 18.25%; "identification of enemies" with 12.85%; "political moderation" with 6.68%; "political awareness and thought" with 31.62 percent.

Comprehensive development (economic, political and social development) is the concern of many political leaders of the world; however, in practice, the imbalance between different levels of development not only causes the ineffectiveness of the ruling regime, but also provides grounds for its downfall. On the other hand, the existence of successive political crises such as legitimacy crisis, identity crisis, participation crisis, influence crisis and distribution crisis leads a regime to the abyss of destruction. The second Pahlavi regime was not an exception to this rule in such a way that the imbalance in different levels of development (heterogeneity of development) and the existence of political crises provided the grounds for the victory of the Islamic revolution and the fall of the Pahlavi regime. Based on this, the main goal of the current research is the role of the political underdevelopment of the second Pahlavi regime in the Islamic revolution based on the theories of Lucian Pye and Samuel Huntington. The research method in this descriptive-analytical article and the data collection tool is library and internet. The results of the research show that the political underdevelopment of the Pahlavi regime as a result of the accumulation of legitimacy crisis, identity crisis, participation crisis, influence crisis and distribution crisis and development heterogeneity caused this regime not only did not solve them successfully, but these crises became dense and While making the regime ineffective, it destroyed Iran's modernization capacities and eventually caused the downfall of the Pahlavi regime and the victory of the Islamic Revolution.

The main goal of the current research is to compare the role of classes and social groups in the constitutional revolution and the Islamic revolution. Middle class: In both revolutions, this class included market strata and technocrats. Working class: In both revolutions, the cause of the protest of the working class was economic stagnation. Peasant class: One of the reasons for the rebellion of this class in both revolutions was the weakness and crisis of the established government. The landed class: In both revolutions, there were reforms by the government to supervise this class. Intellectual class: The central point in both revolutions was the struggle against imperial tyranny. Bazari class: In both revolutions, the Bazari wanted to dominate the political and economic destiny. The clerical class: The main goal of the clerics was to destroy the king's absolute power.Middle class: In both revolutions, this class included market strata and technocrats. Working class: In both revolutions, the cause of the protest of the working class was economic stagnation. Peasant class: One of the reasons for the rebellion of this class in both revolutions was the weakness and crisis of the established government. The landed class: In both revolutions, there were reforms by the government to supervise this class. Intellectual class: The central point in both revolutions was the struggle against imperial tyranny. Bazari class: In both revolutions, the Bazari wanted to dominate the political and economic destiny. The clerical class: The main goal of the clerics was to destroy the king's absolute power.

Industrialization and industrial development is one of the necessary conditions for economic progress and the basis for extensive structural changes in the economic and technological fields. Considering that the industry plays an irreplaceable role in the economic development of the country, the purpose of this research is to summarize the statements and explain the speeches of the Leader of Islamic revolution in the field of industry. Therefore, this research seeks to find out the most emphatic of the Leader of Islamic revolution in his statements about industry and to determine what issues the Leader of Islamic revolution is most concerned about in the field of industry. This research is based on qualitative approach and using content analysis method. The data required for this research were extracted by using the thematic search of research keywords and applying the research protocol among the statements of the Leader of Islamic revolution and then analyzed using a mixed method (qualitative: content analysis-quantitative: descriptive statistics). The statistical population includes all the statements of Ayatollah Khamenei during the years 1368 to 1400; Therefore, the society and the sample coincide. The results indicate that in the statements of the Leader of Islamic revolution, the major categories of "supporting domestic production", "industry and university connection" and "moving towards industrial independence in the direction of economic self-sufficiency" have the most weight and importance.

The purpose of writing at present is to examine and critique the issue of the participation of the Supreme Leader in the election of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution, emphasizing the critique of Ayatollah Montazeri's view, which is applied in the library method - documents are made to do so. According to jurisprudential arguments, the guardianship and rule over the Islamic society during the absence is comprehensive against the poor. On the one hand, the province is general and includes all aspects of government affairs. On the other hand, due to the breadth and diversity of the country's affairs, Vali-e-Faqih alone was able to budget in all pillars of Islamic society, which directly plays a role and personally manages all matters related to the government. For this reason, the constitution of the Islamic Republic stipulates that poverty must delegate some of its duties and responsibilities to children or other groups. One of the conditions of Velayat-e-Faqih, which is regulated in the constitution and later revised, is the condition of the velayat-e-Faqih. This condition was criticized by jurists, including Ayatollah Montazeri. Imam Khomeini is one of the jurists who has explicitly denied the condition of universality in the Supreme Leader. Imam has done: "If a person is knowledgeable in the mining sciences of the seminaries, but it is not possible to distinguish the expedient community or could not distinguish righteous and useful people from unrighteous people, in general in the social and political field and decision-making power would have existed. "This person does not have ijtihad in social and governmental issues and cannot take over the affairs of society."