فصلنامه سلامت و مراقبت
سال بیست و پنجم شماره 4 (زمستان 1402)

Mental health is significantly related to emotional states such as feelings, stress responses, motivation and mood. These states shape the way of thinking, feeling and behavior and most of them support adaptive performance. This study aims to provide a structural model of mindfulness, emotional dysregulation and neuroticism on mental health with the mediating role of distress tolerance in the COVID situation.

The present study was a correlational and structural equation. A sample of 249 people from all nurses working in Bojnord hospitals (N=700) in 2021 was selected using the convenience sampling method. In this study, the mindfulness, emotional dysregulation, anxiety tolerance and five personality traits questionnaires were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling using SPSS version 27 and LISREL version 9.5, respectively.

The results showed that the research model is fit at a moderate to appropriate level. Furthermore, the predictor variables (mindfulness, emotional dysregulation and neuroticism) and mediator variable (distress tolerance) in the model were able to explain 68% of the variance in the mental health criterion variable. According to the results, both mindfulness and emotional dysregulation variables had both direct effects on mental health and through the mediation of distress tolerance. While neuroticism had only direct effectiveness on mental health (p<0.05(.

It was concluded that low mindfulness, emotional dysregulation, high neuroticism personality and distress intolerance in nurses leads to their mental health disturbance. These results can provide valuable information in the field of using new psychological methods for hospital staff. Furthermore, it encourages working professionals to use efficient methods to improve people's performance and to use adaptive strategies to regulate emotions and enhance the psychological well-being of nurses

Missed nursing care seems to be controlled by factors such as social support. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between perceived social supports and missed nursing care in working nurses.

In this descriptive correlational study, 156 nurses working in teaching hospitals of Hamedan city were selected by randomized stratified sampling method. The data collection tools included: Checklist of demographic characteristics, Perceived Social Support Scale by Zimmet et al., and Missed Nursing Care Questionnaire by Kalish and Williams. Data analysis was done in SPSS 24 software with descriptive statistics and Pearson, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-wallis correlation coefficients. Also, the significance level of the tests was less than 0.05.

The results of study showed that 53.8% of the nurses were female and 82.7% have bachelor's degree, and the scores of perceived social support and missed nursing care were 45.35±5.74 and 6.92±46.32, respectively. Also, there is a negative and statistically significant relationship between these two variables (p<0.001, r= -0.329).

Considering the negative relationship between social support and missed nursing care, it is therefore suggested that managers increase the social support of nurses to reduce missed nursing care and improve the quality of nursing services.

Infertility is a major negative life event that leads to mental problems and emotional stressful experiences. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of Adlerian group counseling on the existential anxiety and self-compassion in infertile women.

The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The study population included all infertile women referred to Kangavar City Infertility Clinic in 2020. The sample size included 34 of them selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned in two experimental (17 women) and control (17 women) groups. For the experimental group, the Adlerian group counseling therapy was delivered in 11 sessions of 90 minutes each over four weeks, while the control group received no training. Data collection tools included the Good's (1974) existential anxiety and Neff's (2003) self-compassion questionnaires. Both groups completed the mentioned questionnaires, once before the intervention (one day before the training start) and once after the intervention (one day after the training sessions completion). For the statistical analysis of the obtained data, the multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS-24 was used.

The results showed that the Adlerian group counseling therapy had a significant impact on aimlessness of works (F = 39.76 and p<0.001), lack of value for meaning in life (F = 31.22 and p<0.001), lack of interest in performing tasks (F=29.05 and p<0.001), inability to convince others (F=35.43 and p<0.001) and lack of feeling responsible towards others (F=42.56 and p<0.001) and self-compassion (F=45.33 and p<0.001).

The results showed that the Adlerian group counseling therapy has significantly improved self-compassion and reduced existential anxiety in infertile women. Therefore, the use of this intervention is recommended for infertile women.

Ostomy surgery in colon cancer patients leads to mental and emotional damage, in which high psychological capital in a person can reduce the severity of the damages. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of two group therapy methods based on compassion and mindfulness on the psychological capital of colon cancer patients with ostomy.

This was a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest with a control group design. Among the ostomy colon cancer patients who visited Imam Hossein (AS) Hospital in Tehran for treatment in the second quarter of 2018, the number of 45 eligible individuals were selected using convenience sampling method and were randomly allocated within blocks. They were divided into three groups of 15 people each (intervention 1, intervention 2 and control). In the intervention groups, compassion-based and mindfulness-based therapy methods were implemented respectively. Each group intervention duration was 8 sessions of 45 minutes each. Data were collected using Lutans psychological capital questionnaire (2007) in the pre-test and post-test phases and analyzed using analysis of variance using SPSS-24.

The results showed that both of group therapy methods based on compassion and mindfulness were effective on the psychological capital of colon cancer patients with ostomy (p<0.01). Furthermore, the results of the Bonferroni test and the adjusted means indicated that the compassion-based group therapy method had a greater effect than the mindfulness-based group therapy in enhancing resilience, optimism and self-efficacy (p<0.01).

Considering the positive effects of the both mentioned methods on psychological capital, counselors and therapists can use psychological interventions such as compassion-based and mindfulness-based group therapy to improve the psychological capital of colon cancer patients with ostomy.

There is a bidirectional relationship between marital discord and chronic disease. Considering its importance to individuals with chronic diseases, it is critical to explore the factors that influence marital adjustment. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between irrational beliefs and marital adjustment among couples with chronic diseases in Bushehr, Iran.

This descriptive correlational cross-sectional study investigated 92 couples (including 184 individuals) in which at least one spouse had one or more of the most common chronic diseases. Participants were selected using a convenience sampling method from internists' and cardiologists' offices, specialty clinics, and comprehensive healthcare centers in Bushehr during 2022. Data were collected using a demographic survey, the Dyadic Adjustment Scale developed by Graham B. Spanier and the short-form of Jones Irrational Beliefs Questionnaire (IBQ). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and univariate and multivariate hierarchical linear regression tests using SPSS-20 software. A significance level of p<0.05 was considered for all analyses.

The mean and standard deviation of the total irrational belief scores for women and their husbands were 111.21±23.60 and 105.24±25.24, respectively. Furthermore, the mean marital adjustment score of the couples was 102.50±18.36. Additionally, 38% of the couples had marital discord. No significant correlation was found between the women’s irrational belief domains and their marital adjustment. However, regarding men's irrational belief domains, "feeling helpless against change" showed a significant negative relationship with marital adjustment (β=-0.400; CI95%: -0.703; -0.083).

The results showed that men's beliefs influenced the marital adjustment of couples.  Therefore, when counseling couples experiencing marital discord, especially those with chronic diseases, the psychologists and family counselors need to identify the factors affecting it. For instance, men's irrational beliefs, especially feeling helpless against change is an affecting factor that can be reduced through appropriate counseling.

Satisfaction and happiness in marriage are significant concerns that can be discussed in the marital life of child-spouse females. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of training marital skills on satisfaction and happiness of child-spouse females in marriage.

This study was pretest-posttest semi-experimental with a control group study. The study population included all child-spouse females who referred to the Omid Tarnam counseling center in Shabesar town in 1401. A total number of 30 people were randomly selected by convenience sampling and divided into two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. The content validity of the educational package was confirmed by research-professors and 6 other professors of family counselling and psychology. The Hudson Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (25 questions) and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) were used to collect pretest and posttest data in this study. The intervention, which was an educational program designed for 8 sessions of one-hour each, was conducted at the same counseling center. Finally, the data were analyzed using analysis of covariance using SPSS-23.

The results showed that the designed training program of marital skills, including excitement regulation skills, emotional relationship regulation, life skills and communication and behavioral skills, was effective in increasing marital satisfaction and happiness of child-spouse females (p<0.001).

According to the study findings, education and empowerment of the child-spouse females has helped to improve some of the marital life challenges in their life, such as lack of marital satisfaction and unhappiness

Women with breast cancer who have children may change the way they play their mothering role due to the enormous burden of this disease. Therefore, this study was aimed to explain the process of fulfilling the mothering role in breast cancer patients.

This qualitative study was conducted with a grounded theory approach. Participants included women with breast cancer who had children less than 16 years of age and participated in the study using purposive theoretical sampling. A total number of 23 mothers, 4 children, 2 spouses, and 2 healthcare providers were interviewed. Data collection method included in-depth and face-to-face unstructured interviews until achieving data saturation. Interviews were conducted between May 2018 and January 2019. The study settings were the Oncology Center of Shahid Ghazi Tabatabai at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Reyhaneh Charity in Ardabil. Data were analyzed using the Corbin and Strauss (2008) approach.

In the contextual data analysis, four main categories “physical limiters of the role”, “psychological burden of the disease”, “perceived children’s consequences of the mother”, and "supports: being with and for mother” were identified. Three main strategies including “self-preparation”, “role reorganization” and “personal and family reorganization” were used to achieve the “redefined mothering role stability” outcome. Accordingly, the core variable of the study was “supervisory participatory model" in playing the mothering role. Using the share/monitoring mechanism, they were trying to regain their mothering role and were able to continue it as a new normal mother by formulating a participatory regulatory model.

Mothers increased the ability to respond their mothering role self-expectations, applying the participatory regulatory model, with the support of role alternatives and gradual liberation from dependence on others. Therefore, identifying this model and the applied strategies can help health care professionals support, advise and educate mothers and families to help them fulfill their mothering role.

Effective communication is one of the most important aspects of nursing, without which it is impossible to perform many nursing duties. The present study aimed to compare the perspectives of nurses and patients on the nurse-patient communication status in the emergency and medical departments of educational-therapeutic centers in Ardabil city.

The present study is a descriptive and analytical study conducted with the participation of 108 nurses and 390 patients from the emergency and medical departments of educational-therapeutic centers in Ardabil city. The sampling method for nurses was census and for patients, convenient sampling was used. To collect data, the demographic information form and the Vukovic (2010) nurse-patient interaction questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS-22 software and independent t-test, paired t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient.

The mean and standard deviation of the nurse-patient communication score from the patient's perspective was 3.96±0.93 and from the nurses' perspective, it was 3.74±0.69. There was a significant difference between the mean nurse-patient communications scores from the nurse and patient perspectives (p<0.05). Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between the patients’ educational level (p<0.001) and nurse gender (p=0.04) and nurse-patient communication status.

According to the results, the nurse-patient communication was in a better state from the patient's perspective in comparison to the nurses’ perspective. However, it is recommended to carry out precise management and organizational interventions and prepare the necessary conditions to improve the therapeutic communication process.