فصلنامه بیهوشی و درد
سال چهاردهم شماره 4 (زمستان 1402)

 The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of logotherapy (LT) with acceptance & commitment therapy (ACT) on pain catastrophizing and sense of mental coherence in women with breast surgery experience.

This was a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest, controlled design with follow-up. The study population consisted of all women with breast cancer who were undergoing postmastectomy radiotherapy in Tabriz in 2023. In total, 45 women were selected by a purposive sampling method, and divided into three groups, 10 each. The ntervention groups received their respective treatments over 8 sessions of 1.5 hours. The control group did not receive any intervention. Members in three groups responded to the 13-item pain catastrophic of Sullivan et al and 35-item Flensberg Sense of Coherence Questionnaires, after and 4 months after the intervention. Data were analyzed with repeated-measures analysis of variance.

The results showed that LT (30.1±5.3) and ACT (29.9±5.4) in comparison with the control group (37.6±5.2), in the post-test, reduced the pain catastrophizing of women with breast surgery experience (P<0.001), and these results also show a lasting effect in the follow-up stage (P<0.001). Also, the results showed that LT (55.2±3.5) and ACT (55.0±2.9) compared to the control group (48.8±3.5), in the post-test, increased the sense of mental coherence of women with breast surgery experience (P<0.001), and these results also show a lasting effect in the follow-up stage (P<0.001). The results also showed that the effect of these two treatments on pain catastrophizing and sense of mental coherence in the post-test and follow-up stages were not different (P>0.05).

Logotherapy and acceptance & commitment therapy  reduces the pain catastrophizing and increases the sense of mental coherence in women with breast surgery experience.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy (ACT) on pain anxiety and sleep quality in elderly women with multiple sclerosis.

This study was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest & follow-up control group design. The statistical population of the study consisted of all elderly women with MS in Tabriz city in 2023. After meeting the criteria for entering and exiting the research, 30 person were selected by the purposeful sampling method and randomly divided into two groups (15 people each). The members of the experimental group received CFT in 8 sessions of 1.5 hours; but the control group did not receive any treatment. Analysis of findings through repeated measures analysis of variance test.

In the pretest, mean and standard deviation of the ACT for pain anxiety (76.00±4.22) and for sleep quality (17.67±2.49), and in the control group for pain anxiety (77.73±4.66) and for sleep quality (17.00±1.73) (P>0.05). The results showed that ACT is effective on pain anxiety (70.93±3.95) and sleep quality (14.53±2.38) of elderly women with multiple sclerosis (p<0.001). In the follow-up phase, the effect of treatment on the pain anxiety and sleep quality was lasting (p<0.001).

Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment-based therapy has reduced pain anxiety and increased sleep quality in elderly women with multiple sclerosis.

Chronic pain can be a complex and overwhelming experience. Such condition can affect different aspects of a person’s life and performance. The aim of this research was to compare coping styles, psychological flexibility and hope in people with chronic pain and people without chronic pain.

This was a cross-sectional descriptive analytical research of the type of causal-comparative studies. The statistical population of this research included all people aged 20-65 who had visited Sina Hospital and Sheikh Al Raees Clinic in Tabriz in fall of 1401. First 120 people (60 people with chronic pain and 60 people without chronic pain) were selected from the statistical population using convenience sampling method. Then data was collected with Rosenstiel and keefe’s Coping Strategies Questionnaire, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II) and Snyder Hope Scale. Finally, data was analyzed using the statistical method of multivariate analysis of variance, univariate analysis of variance and independent T-test and also SPSS version 25.

The results showed that people with chronic pain and people without chronic pain have significant differences in components of coping strategies, psychological flexibility and hope.

The findings of the present study show the necessity of using a multidimensional pattern for explaining chronic pain. Also, the findings of this research can be used as a suitable empirical basis for developing educational and therapeutic programs for people with chronic pain

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) on sleep quality & intensity pain of women with multiple sclerosis.

This study was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest & follow up control group design. Thirty people with inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling method from all women with MS in Tabriz in 2023 who were members of the multiple sclerosis Association of this city. In total, 30 person meeting the inclusion criteria were selected by purposeful sampling, and The were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups (15 people each). The measurement tools were Pittsburgh sleep quality and McGill pain intensity questionnaires. The members of the experimental group received CFT in 8 sessions of 1.5 hours; but the control group did not receive any treatment. Analysis of findings through repeated measures analysis of variance test.

In the pretest, mean and standard deviation of the CFT for sleep quality (17.67±2.49) and for intensity pain (46.73±4.52), and in the control group for sleep quality (17.00±1.73) and for intensity pain (45.87±3.94) (P>0.05). CFT compared to the control group the sleep quality (14.33±2.28) and intensity pain (42.00±5.09) of women with multiple sclerosis increased and decreased respectively in the post-test (p<0.001). In the follow-up phase, the effect of treatment on the sleep quality and intensity pain was lasting (p<0.001).

Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that compassion-focused therapy has increased sleep quality and reduced the intensity pain of women with multiple sclerosis.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on quality of life & intensity pain of men with migraine.

This study was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest & follow-up control group design. The statistical population of the research consisted of all men suffering from migraine in Tabriz city in 2023. In total, 30 person meeting the inclusion criteria were selected by purposeful sampling, and The were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups (15 people each). The members of the experimental group received MBCT in 8 sessions of 1.5 hours; but the control group did not receive any treatment. Analysis of findings through repeated measures analysis of variance test.

In the pretest, mean and standard deviation of the MBCT for quality of life (39.33±4.79) and for intensity pain (46.80±4.53), and in the control group for quality of life (40.60±3.52) and for intensity pain (45.80±3.80) (P>0.05). MBCT compared to the control group the sleep quality (45.40±5.19) and intensity pain (42.07±5.02) of men with migraine increased and decreased respectively in the post-test (p<0.001). In the follow-up phase, the effect of treatment on the quality of life and intensity pain was lasting (p<0.001).

Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy has increased quality of life and reduced the intensity pain of men with migraine.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the uniform effect of feedbag correction exercises on pain, motor range and angle angel of girls with ahead.

The statistical sample of the present study includes 30 people, 15 women with head forward problem were considered as experimental group and 15 women without head forward problem were considered as control group. NASM head-forward corrective exercise protocol was used as a feedback corrective exercise protocol. This protocol includes four sections of restraint techniques, stretching techniques, activation techniques, and cohesion techniques, which were performed in a period of 45 minutes in each stage of the exercise. After the initial evaluations and measurements, the experimental group did its exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, each session lasting 45 minutes. During this time, the control group did not do any activity related to corrective exercises and did not use any medicine to reduce pain. Again, pain and performance measurements were taken after the protocol.. The Shapirvillek test was used to determine the normal distribution of the research variables and for statistical analysis of the research hypotheses, the covariance analysis test (ANCOVA) was used. The confidence interval for all hypotheses was 0.05 p <0.05.  

The results of the covariance test indicate a significant effect of feedbag correction exercises on pain, motor range and angle angle of girls with forward head complications (P. 0.001). 

In general, the results of this study showed the effect of feedback corrective exercises on reducing neck pain, motor range and angle angle of girls with forward head complications. On this basis, it seems that the exercises of this study can be effective in improving the motor performance of girls with the forward head

Chronic headaches are the most common types of headaches that cause severe loss of daily functioning of patients. Most of these patients treated with drug therapy and it seems that drug therapy is not useful alone. The purpose of this study was to comparison the effectiveness of solution-focused therapy and narrative therapy on ways of emotion of coping with stress in women with chronic headaches.

This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group and follow-up 2 month. In this research, the statistical population was all women with chronic headaches who referred to the clinic of neurologists in Tehran in year 2023. In the first stage, using convenience sampling method, 45 women were selected and then randomly divided into 2 experimental groups (each group 15 women) and one control group (15 women) were replaced and experimental groups underwent solution-focused therapy (8 sessions 90 minutes) and narrative therapy (8 sessions 90 minutes), but the control group received no training and remained in the waiting list. To collect data short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ-2) of Dworkin and et al (2009) and ways of coping questionnaire (WCQ) of Folkman & Lazarus (1988). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-28 software in two sections: descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni).

The results showed that both interventions in post-test and follow up had a significant effect on ways of emotion of coping with stress (P<0.05).  In addition, the results of Bonferroni post hoc test showed that self- narrative therapy is more effective in ways of emotion of coping with stress (P<0.05).

Based on the results of the present study, it can be said that solution-focused therapy and narrative therapy can be used as a treatment method to on ways of emotion of coping with stress of women with chronic headaches in counseling centers and priority of use in the treatment of women with chronic headaches is with the narrative therapy.

Chronic low back pain is one of the primary disorders in work and industrial environments. This study aimed to investigate the effect and follow-up of the combined protocol of occupational education and yoga on the pain intensity and endurance of trunk extensor muscles.

The current study is a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design with follow-up. The participants were 24 men (employees of Iran Khodro Company) suffering from non-specific chronic low back pain, who were randomly selected into 2 equal groups of 12 people using available samples. This study evaluated pain with a visual analog scale and endurance of extensor muscles with the Bering-Sorenson test. Then, the experimental group implemented a combined protocol of occupational education and yoga for ten weeks. The control group only participated in the pre-test and post-test. After collecting the data, the statistical method of composite covariance analysis with a significant level (α ≤ 0.05) was used to analyze the data.

The findings showed that occupational education and yoga Intervention had a significant effect ‎on pain, and trunk extensor muscle endurance subjects with non-specific chronic low back pain ‎‎ (P≤‎‏0.05‏‎). ‎

Considering the effectiveness of the combined protocol of occupational education and yoga on the pain and endurance of extensor muscles, therapists are advised to consider the combined protocol of occupational education and yoga in compiling their training programs.