arezoo javadzadeh-moghtader

Numerous studies have investigated the effect of lavender and damask rose aromatherapy on sleep quality. There is, however, little research to compare the impact of them over each other. The aim of current study was to compare the effect of aromatherapy with lavender and damask rose on sleep quality in patients after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in Guilan Province, Iran, in 2017-2018.

In this randomized clinical trial (RCT) study, 97 patients undergoing CABG were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. In the intervention groups, the patients were asked by the researcher to inhale the lavender or damask rose randomly every night for 5 consecutive nights at 22:00. The control group received routine nursing care in compliance with the hospital procedure. Data were obtained by demographic-clinical and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaires. To analyze the data, chi-square test, t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Wilcoxon test were used.

During the 5-night intervention period, despite a relative improvement of sleep quality in intervention groups compared to the control group, none of the two aromatherapies had a statistically significant effect on any of delayed sleep (P = 0.514), sleep duration (P = 0.839), sleep efficiency (P = 0.067), sleep disturbances (P = 0.061), and daily functional disorders (P = 0.114) except for subjective sleep quality (P = 0.016) and use of sleep medications (P = 0.031).

Using both aromatherapies with lavender and damask rose indicated positive effects on sleep quality of the CABG patients, but we could not find a superiority over each other.

Depression is closely related to coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the association of depression before angiography with major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) is still unknown.

In a prospective cohort study, 410 patients underwent angiography for the first time between 2016 and 2017 in Dr. Heshmat Hospital, Rasht, Iran. Demographic and medical information were collected and depressive symptoms were assessed using Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). The patients were followed for one year after angiography. Chi-square test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed to compare demographic and clinical characteristics of patients between different levels of depressive symptoms. Multiple Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the association between depression symptoms before angiography and MACE rate controlled for the effect of confounders.

Of 410 patients, follow-up data were available for 380 (95%) patients. the MACE occurred in 134 (35%) patients. Depressive symptoms were observed in 42% of patients. Based on multivariable Cox regression analysis, adjusted for CAD severity, the risk of one-year MACE occurrence in patients with mild, moderate, and severe depressive symptoms was 1.96 [95% confidence interval (CI) for hazard ratio (HR): 1.30-2.94], 1.88 (95% CI for HR: 1.15-3.09), and 2.81 (95% CI for HR: 1.56-5.06) times that of patients without depressive symptoms, respectively. Depression in patients before angiography increased the risk of MACE up to 2.045 times.

The results showed that MACE in patients with depression was more than patients without depression. MACE in different levels of depression (mild, moderate, severe) was not significantly different.

Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality worldwide. Depression is one of the effective factors in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases like coronary artery stenosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between depression symptoms and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients scheduled for angiography.

This prospective, cross sectional research was conducted on as many as 401 patients scheduled to undergo angiography at Dr. Heshmat heart hospital as the referral center in the north of Iran in 2016. Before cardiac catheterization, patients' demographic information (age, gender, level of education, and place of residence) and patients’ medical history (history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and family history of cardiac disease) were obtained. Also, Beck Depression Questionnaire 2 (BDI II) was completed by a psychologist before angiography. After collecting the data, SPSS v.21 and statistical tests such as Spearman correlation, and Mann-Whitney U regression were used to analyze the data.

After controlling for age, sex, and having history of diabetes mellitus, no relation was found between having depression symptoms and more frequency of vessel involvement (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 0.92 to 1.98, P =0.130) or higher severity of CAD (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 0.95 to 2.28, P = 0.087). The results were similar for the relation between severity of depression symptoms and CAD extent or CAD severity.

The results of this study showed that in patients undergoing angiography, depression symptoms were not related to CAD severity and number of involved vessels. Depression was associated with angina, independently of CAD severity. Our study found no significant correlation between CAD severity and severity of depression. The reason may be that measuring depression at a single time point cannot accurately reveal the impact of this problem on the trend of atherosclerosis over time.

Psychological well-being (PWB) and having a meaningful life play a role in reducing the incidence and mortality of cardiac disease. The aim of this study is to assess PWB in two groups of people with heart disease and healthy people.

This descriptive study was performed in two groups of people with heart disease and healthy people referring to a cardiac clinic of Heshmat Hospital in Rasht from Feb to July 2016. Ryff’s PWB and demographic information were completed for all the participants. Average grade of welfare and six subscales both groups were compared using independent t-test. Relevance of well-being score with variables was surveyed using multiple linear regression model.

Number of 88 cases entered in the study with the average age of 50.47±15.88 year. Total score was 80.50±10.44 in ill group and 87.66±8.75 in healthy group which was significantly higher in healthy group (P=0.001). The results showed that the score of well-being in people without cardiac disease is 8.7 units more than the group suffering from it. It also showed that the score of well-being in individuals without hypertention is 3.5 units higher than those who are hypertention. No significant relevance was observed between other demographic variables and well-being score.

In this study cardiac disease and hypertention were considered as factors related to well-being status. Futuristic longitudinal studies to survey the occurance of cardiac disease in individuals with various well-being score and executing plans to improve well-being situation as a preventive factor is recommended.