b. john
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A detailed numerical investigation of two different modes of shock wave-turbulent boundary layer interaction (SWBLI) is presented. Equivalence of ramp induced SWBLI (R-SWBLI), and impingement shock based SWBLI (I-SWBLI) is explored from the computational study using an in-house developed compressible flow solver. Multiple flow deflection angles and ramp angles are employed for this study. For all the investigated cases, a freestream Mach number of 2.96 and Reynolds number of 3.47×107m−1 are considered. The k−ε model with the improved wall function of present solver predicted wall pressure distributions and separation bubble sizes very close to the experimental measurements. However, the separation bubble size is slightly over overpredicted by the k−ω model in most of the cases. The effect of overall flow deflection angle and upstream boundary layer thickness on the SWBLI phenomenon is also studied. A nearly linear variation in separation bubble size is observed with changes in overall flow deflection angle and upstream boundary layer thickness. However, the equivalence of SWBLI is noted to be independent of these two parameters. The undisturbed boundary thickness at the beginning of the interaction is identified as the most adequate scaling parameter for the length of the separated region.
Keywords: Shock waves, Computational study, SWBLI-Equivalence, Turbulence modelling, Finite VolumeMethod, Boundary layer, Flow separation -
This study aims to explore equivalence between active and passive flow control techniques in reducing the wave drag and surface heat flux over a blunt cone model kept in Mach 8 stream. Computational investigations were carried out by using finite volume-based compressible flow solver. Throughout the study, the solution of governing equations is sought by assuming two dimensional-axisymmetric nature of the flowfield. Both counter flow-stagnation point injection and forward facing-physical spike are considered to mitigate the excess drag and heat flux experienced by a blunt body representing the nose cone section of a hypersonic vehicle. Eventually, based on identified drag reductions, the present study proposes equivalence cases between these two methods. It is shown that a pointed spike of L/D=1 provides almost the same drag reduction as the counterflow injection jet with a pressure ratio of 8.25. Similarly, other equivalence cases are identified and the physics behind them is explored. The identified equivalence is expected to help the designers in effectively replacing one technique with another according to the requirement. Equivalence matrix is presented for different spike cases in terms of injection ratios of counterflow injection.
Keywords: Counterflow injection, Physical spike, Blunt body, Hypersonic, Drag reduction, Aerodynamicdrag, Shock interaction, Recirculation region
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