fahime maleki

Bacterial infections are the most common complication in cancer patients. Infection with multi-drug resistant bacteria has recently become a worrying phenomenon in cancer patients. This study focused on Gram-negative bacteria isolated from clinical samples of cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence and prevalence of drug resistance genes, including metallobetalactamase (blaIMP and blaVIM) and carbapenemase (blaKPC and blaGES) genes, in the main bacteria agents of nosocomial infections in cancer patients, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli.

Common biochemical methods were used to identify bacterial isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to the standard method recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2019). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was also used to check the presence and prevalence of resistance genes.

During six months, from May to November 2020, 250 clinical samples were collected from cancer patients in Ayatollah Khansari hospital in Arak city, Iran. From which 80 Gram-negative bacilli were isolated, including 33 (41.2%) E. coli, 15 (18.7%) A. baumannii complex, 12 (15%) P. aeruginosa, eight (10%) K. pneumoniae, seven (8.7%) Citrobacter freundii, and five (6.2%) Enterobacter aerogenes isolates. The frequency of blaKPC, blaGES, blaIMP, and blaVIM genes was 39.95, 21.25, 16.25, and 17.45%, respectively.

The present study emphasizes the importance of identifying Gram negative rods and their resistance genes (metallobetalactamase and carbapenemase genes) in cancer patients, carrying out preventive instructions to prevent the transmission of resistance genes, and reducing mortality in these patients.

Introduction and goals: Nonverbal means are acquired in the first year of life together with intentional communication functions. Gradually, as linguistic skills develop, children use verbal means alone or along with gestures. The goal of the present study was examining the development of nonverbal request skills in Persian typically developing 9-to-30-month children.
In the present cross-sectional study, 61 children (40 girls and 21 boys) were examined using Early Social Communication Scales (ESCS) at the age of 9, 12, 15, 18, 24, and 30 months. The mean scores and standard deviation, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for data analysis.
Data analysis showed that there was a significant difference between mean ranks of groups (p=0.03). The mean scores of children were 12.16, 18.76, 24, 20.76, 24, and 24.04, according to age groups.
As intentional communication begins at 9 month, children used nonverbal means for requesting. In the second year, because of developing of language, verbal means were used in substitute or concomitant with nonverbal means. Differences were observed in the use of a variety of nonverbal means due to age and individual differences between children.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the impact of premenstrual symptoms on health related quality of life (HRQOL) in a sample of Iranian women. In this cross-sectional study, a sample of women aged 15–45 years, who lived in Tehran were randomly recruited according to demographic questionnaire. For diagnosing the premenstrual dysphoric disorder and premenstrual syndrome, Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST) was used in this study. The Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and the Premenstrual Symptoms Impact Survey (PMSIS) were administered to evaluate health-related quality of life. Among 430 women, 44% had PMS, 16% met the diagnostic criteria for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) and 40% were in General Population (GP) group. The SF-36 scores showed that in all dimensions except for physical functioning there were statistically significant mean differences among the three groups. Also, women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder and PMS group had significantly different social function, validity, and mental health. Comparing the Premenstrual Symptoms Impact Survey scores between the three groups mean, scores of feeling frustration, fatigue and mood swings for the premenstrual dysphoric disorder were significantly higher than the two other groups. Premenstrual symptoms have significant impact on health-related quality of life assessed by SF-36 and PMSIS, specially on mental and emotional domains.