فهرست مطالب farnaz rostami

In the present investigation, firstly, the surface tension measurements were conducted for aqueous solutions of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, acetonitrile, and tetrahydrofuran by using a pendant drop apparatus at the temperature of 298.15 K and ambient pressure. Then a thermodynamic model was used and successfully reproduced the surface tension values. The percent of the average absolute deviation for surface tension was 0.667. The surface tensions of mixed aqueous solutions of (cetyltrimethylammonium+additives) were measured at various concentrations. Then, the values of critical micelle concentrations were measured based on surface tension and conductivity. The percent of the average absolute deviation of the thermodynamic model was 5.05, proving that the model successfully predicts the surface tension for aqueous mixed solutions of (cetyltrimethylammonium+additives). The presence of additives decreases the surface coverage of cetyltrimethylammonium and increases the critical micelle concentration values.

Various ginger compounds improve gastrointestinal problems and motion sickness. The main effects of ginger allocate to some phenolics such as gingerols and shogaols that act as their active agents. Chewing gums are among convenient dosage forms which patients prefer due to their advantages. Hence, this study tried to design, formulate, and evaluate ginger chewing gum of favorable taste and texture to avoid motion sickness and have gastro‑protective and anti‑oxidant effect.

Dried ginger rhizomes were percolated to extract ginger compounds. Total phenolics were measured in 70% hydro‑alcoholic extract of ginger by gallic and tannic acid standards using Folin–Ciocalteu’s reagent. Chewing gums containing 50 mg of concentrated extract were prepared. Content uniformity, weight variation, release pattern, organoleptic, and mechanical properties were evaluated.

Phenolic content was measured 61.50 ± 5.27 mg/g and 76.75 ± 5.45 mg/g of concentrated extract as gallic acid and tannic acid equivalents, respectively. Release pattern of formulations with different gum bases and sweeteners demonstrated almost 100% release of drug. Evaluation of organoleptic properties was on 10 healthy volunteers and later prepared formulations exhibited better characteristics. Formulations without any flavorants have higher acceptability. Evaluation of mechanical properties showed higher stiffness of F15.

Ginger chewing gum comprises admissible properties to be used as a modern drug delivery system due to its advantageous results in motion sickness. It passed all the specified tests for an acceptable chewing gum. Thus, it may be successfully produced to help GI problems.

New formulations and technologies have been developed through oral drug delivery systems’ researches. Such researches display significance of oral route amongst patients. We’ve reviewed all the features associated with medicated chewing gum as a modern drug delivery by introducing the history, advantages and disadvantages, methods of manufacturing, composition differences, evaluation tests and examples of varieties of medicated chewing gums. Acceptance of medicated chewing gum has been augmented through years. The advantages and therapeutic benefits of chewing gum support its development as we can see new formulations with new drugs contained have been produced from past and are going to find a place in market by formulation of new medicated chewing gums. Potential applications of medicated chewing gums are highly widespread as they will be recognized in future. Nowadays standards for qualifying chewing gums are the same as tablets. Patient-centered studies include medicated chewing gums as a delivery system too which creates compliance for patients.