javad firoozi

This study aimed to investigate the results of combined phacoemulsification and viscocanalostomy (phaco-VC) in a six-month follow-up and its relationship with intrascleral lake (IL) using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in patients with primary openangle glaucoma (POAG).

In total, 36 eyes with POAG eligible for phaco-VC were enrolled in this prospective observational study. All patients underwent AS-OCT evaluation and ophthalmologic examination including Goldman tonometry, cup–disc ratio assessment, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measurement, and antiglaucoma medication(s) prior to surgery and one, three, and six months after the surgery. The width, length, area, and circumference of the ILs were evaluated using AS-OCT at each follow-up.

A total of 36 eyes of 34 patients with POAG were investigated in this study. According to the results, the mean age of the patients was 70.09 ± 8.73 years, and the majority of the cases were male (n = 23; 63.9%). The mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was 20.11 ± 7.22 mmHg on 2.47 ± 1.1 medications, and the mean postoperative IOP reduced to 11.11 ± 2.58 mmHg on 0.11 medications, which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). ILs were detectable in all cases which resulted in a 100% qualified success rate. The reduction in the width, area, and circumference of the IL was significant during the six-month follow-up. The relationship between IOP changes and IL parameters on AS-OCT was not significant.

This study evaluated the associations between IL changes and IOP reduction after phaco-VC. A six-month follow-up showed a notable reduction in the IL, but unexpectedly, IOP control did not decline. A reduction in IL diameter, when there is sufficient IOP control, indicates that there may be various IOP lowering mechanisms through VC other than the IL diameters. Further evaluation of VC focusing on long-term changes in IL and Schlemm’s canal diameter is necessary to explain the precise mechanisms of lowering the IOP.

 Literature and mythology are closely interwoven; as contemporary Farsi poets have employed myths variously in their poems. Yet, in some, the social aspects of myths are more significant, an example of which is Shamlou who has used non-Iranian myths in his poems. His knowledge of the narrative on Jesus in the Christian Holy book has provided a different understanding in Farsi poetry. He has used the story of Jesus mythological. In this study, two poems, The Crucified Man and The Death of Nazareth, narrating the crucifixion of Jesus, are investigated. The change of structures and the narrative of myth are analyzed. It is also aimed to figure out how Shamlou has expressed the social and political issues through making changes in the myths. It is assumed that Shamlou has not only narrated the myth of Jesus, but also has employed it as a means of expressing other concepts. In this regard, each verse is compared and analyzed with the narration of Bible to find other layers of meaning. Shamlou has included political and philosophical meanings such as Sartre's existentialism in the myths through changes in the basis and structure of the myths. In other words, he has recreated the myths. It is found that the myth of Jesus is not realized in the poems as understood by the Christians for The Crucified Man expresses existentialism and The Death of Nazareth expresses the condition of the society and its intellectuals.