m. h. farahi

‎In this paper‎, ‎we present a numerical method based on Bernstein polynomials to solve optimal control systems with constant and pantograph delays‎. ‎Constant or pantograph delays may appear in state-control or both‎. ‎We derive delay operational matrix and pantograph operational matrix for Bernstein polynomials then‎, ‎these are utilized to reduce the solution of optimal control with constant and pantograph delay to the solution of nonlinear programming‎. ‎In truth‎, ‎the principal problem can be transferred to the quadratic programming problem‎. ‎Some examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the technique.

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of CaCl2 on the firmness and post harvest retention of Berry Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Askari. The experiment was carried out in 2006 in vineyard in the Sisakht region in a completely randomized design with 7 treatments. Experiment includes two parts: 1- spray with 3 levels 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 %. (Two weeks before harvest and repeated one day before harvest) and 2- Dipping clusters in CaCl2 solution with 3 levels 1, 2.5 and 5 % post harvest. Grapes were stored at 0ºc for 1 month in cold store room. Results showed that the effect of CaCl2 was significant on post harvest abscission berries percentage at 1% level. Minimum post harvest abscission of berries percentage was observed using 5% dipping and 0.25% spray after 30 days storage in cold storage room. Highest abscission of berries was observed in control. Effect of CaCl2 on decay berry was significant at 1% level after 30 days of storage. Minimum decay percentage was observed in 0.25 % spray and the highest decay percentage was obtained in control. Effect of CaCl2 on palatability (TSS/TA) was significant at 1%level.