mohammad moghadas

In this research, laboratory studies were carried out to improve a clay soil by adding calcium ion through Electrokinetic method Experiments were performed in a special device using distilled water firstly, as the reference test and calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 molar secondly, as an anode reservoir fluid under the influence of 52-volt voltage during 7 days. During the experiment, the pH value was measured for electrolyte at the anode and cathode reservoir. Also, volume of water discharged from the cathode reservoir was measured at a given time interval. After the tests, shear strength of the soil was measured at different distances from the anode. The results showed that the calcium injection into the soil increases shear strength of the soil, and its amount depends on the concentration of calcium chloride solution, so shear strength increases by increasing concentration of the calcium chloride solution.

Many algorithms and methods have been applied, so far, in order to operate reservoirs, optimally. Recently, the Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (COA) as a new Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) has been utilized for solving a number of bench mark functions and real problems, and high performance and efficiency has been reported for solving difficult optimization problems. The main objective of the current study was an assessment of the COA efficiency in water resource systems in order to extract optimal operation policy for a reservoir with hydropower application. An application of this algorithm in a thirty-year operation of the Karun4 Reservoir was evaluated. The results were compared with those results of Genetic Algorithm (GA) outcomes. The results showed that the COA has a greater ability to reach optimal solution in comparison with the GA. The mean values of the objective functions were 6.34 and 9.28 for the COA and GA algorithms, respectively. Furthermore, the obtained results by the COA showed less difference to the global optimum.