niloofar azadeh

Statement of the Problem: 

Tooth color changes followed by treatment with bioceramic materials is always a matter of concern. In this article ,NFC as a new ceramic base material assessed for its ability to change the color of teeth.

The aim of the present in vitro study was to compare tooth discoloration that occurs in human teeth filled with ProRoot WMTA (DENTSPLY Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK) or NFC over the course of 3 months.

Thirty human intact premolars obtained and the root of all teeth was removed by horizontally cutting them about 2 mm below the cementoenamel junction, the pulp tissue was removed afterwards using a barbed broach (Mani, Tokyo, Japan).The teeth were randomly divided to 3 groups (n= 10 teeth per group);control (no material), ProRootWMTA and NFC. The experimental materials were condensed into the crowns and the tooth end sealed with light-cure glass ionomer cement (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan).Color was assessed at TBL: baseline (after preparation of the cavities but before placement of the materials), TPO: immediately after placement of the filling material and provisional restoration, T4: after 4 weeks of storage, and T12: after 12 weeks (3 months) of storage.

Discoloration was evident in all teeth, immediately (TPO) after applying MTA and NFC. The highest ΔΕ was noted in WMTA at 3 months, followed by NFC, but there was no significant difference between thediscolorations induced by these two materials.

There was a similar level of clinically observable tooth discoloration detected using either WMTA or NFC.

As an important determinant of social acceptability, facial attractiveness can be influenced by decisions of orthodontists through treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in perception of facial attractiveness among male and female raters in different age groups through comparison of silhouettes. 208 subjects (99 male, 109 female) aged between 18 to 70 years were assigned to three groups of young adults, middle-aged and senior and rated pre-designed silhouettes on a 7-level rating scale (1= the least esthetic, 7=the most esthetic). Two series of 7 silhouettes were prepared for men and women in which the mandible was protruded or retruded in 2-mm increments from the average. The evaluators were asked to grade the profiles separately for male and female. T-test and one-way ANOVA were used for the statistical analysis with α = 0.05. The first and third age groups, favored female profile 2 among class II profiles. However, the second age group preferred the average profile. Male class II profiles were rated exactly as female ones among the three age groups. The average female class III silhouette was preferred in all age groups. The first and second age group preferred the average male profile in male class III silhouettes. The oldest group however, preferred profile 2. For both sexes, the least acceptable profile in each set of silhouettes was the most protruded or retruded. There were few differences in perception of facial attractiveness between different age groups. In all groups, even small mandibular protrusion was unacceptable and mild retrusion was considered attractive.

Evaluating the self-perceived confidence of students in their abilities to provide orthodontic services is crucial to measuring the effectiveness of the orthodontic curriculum. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between general self-efficacy (GSE) in dental students and self-perceived confidence in performing orthodontic clinical skills. A total of 100 dental students in their final-year at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences participated in the study in February 2017. They responded to a multiple-choice questionnaire consisting of two parts. The first part evaluated the students’ self-perceived confidence in performing orthodontic clinical skills and the second part evaluated the students’ GSE. The correlation between the two parameters was evaluated using the Spearman correlation test with an alpha level set at 0.05. More than 20% of the students reported being “not yet confident” in 8 out of the 18 skills evaluated. There was a medium correlation between the students’ confidence in performing clinical skills and their GSE. There was no correlation between the students’ grades in theoretical courses and their GSE scores (P > 0.05). The students’ confidence in all aspects of clinical skills, however, was correlated with their grades. The students’ self-perceived confidence in performing orthodontic clinical skills is moderately correlated with their GSE; other factors such as exposure to orthodontic cases, and teaching methods seem to play a more influential part in their confidence.

Literature is controversial in regard with alterations in pharyngeal airway dimensions subsequent to maxillary protraction. The correlation between maxillary protraction and sagittal airway dimension was investigated in association with tongue and soft palate position in skeletal Class III children. The results were compared with those of an untreated Class III and a Class I malocclusion control group.
In this cross‑sectional study pre‑ and post‑treatment cephalometric radiographs of 19 Class III patients (6 males, 13 females; mean age, 7.93 ± 0.96 years) treated with facemask were analyzed. The correlation between treatment changes in craniofacial morphology and those in the upper airway, tongue, and soft palate was evaluated. These results were compared with those of a group of 16 Class I malocclusion patients (1 male, 15 females; mean age, 7.31 ± 0.7 years) and a group of 15 untreated Class III patients (4 males and 11 females; mean age, 7.46 ± 0.1 years). A paired t‑test, the Shapiro–Wilk test and Mann–Whitney U‑test was used. The level of significance was established as P Nasopharyngeal airway measurements PNS‑ad1 and PNS‑ad2 significantly increased by 2 mm and 2.1 mm, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed that maxillary protraction had a positive relationship with PNS‑ad1 and PNS‑ad2.
Nasopharyngeal airway dimensions can be improved in the short term with maxillary protraction in skeletal Class III children.