rakesh singh

Neonatal mechanical ventilation has contributed to a significant decline in neonatal mortality but is associated with various complications. It is necessary to identify the prognostic factors and their management to reduce the complications in mechanically ventilated neonates. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the common indications, complications, and predictive factors associated to immediate outcomes in neonates from rural North India who received invasive mechanical ventilation.
This study includes all neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for at least 12 hours. All enrolled neonates were categorized into two groups: those who were successfully extubated were labeled as survivors, while those who did not survive during ventilation were classified as non-survivors. Clinical and ventilator parameters, as well as the occurrence of complications were analyzed to identify factors associated with outcomes in ventilated neonates.
A total of 150 neonates who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. The most frequent reason for ventilation was perinatal asphyxia. Among ventilated neonates, the mortality rate was 38.7%. When comparing survivor and non-survivor groups, a significant difference was observed in birth weight, gestational age, indication for ventilation, duration of ventilation, and blood acidosis (with a p-value < 0.05). Additionally, non-survivors experienced a higher prevalence of complications, including sepsis, shock, air leak syndrome, and pulmonary hemorrhage. Multivariate analysis revealed that gestational age less than 34 weeks, initial blood pH of 7.1 or lower, ventilation duration exceeding 72 hours, and the presence of sepsis, shock, or disseminated intravascular coagulation were significant independent predictors of mortality in ventilated neonates.
The mortality among ventilated neonates is still high in developing countries. Hospital acquired sepsis with shock is still the major complication among ventilated neonates. Early identification of risk factors for mortality and timely intervention may decrease the mortality.

In the Kota stone industries, a huge quantity of unwanted waste is generated during the process of manufacturing stone. This waste is generally in the form of minute particles that are dumped on nearby land and carried away by water and air causing pollution in air, water, and soil. The most appropriate way is to convert this waste into a useful product. The present work comprises of fabrication and characterization of a new class of polymer composite with polyester as the base matrix and micro-sized Kota stone dust as filler material. A series of composites are fabricated at varied contents of micro-sized particulates using the open molding method. The properties explored are mechanical properties and sliding wear properties as a function of filler loading. It is noticed from the experimentation that the inclusion of filler material improves the different mechanical properties of the composites. The hardness of the composite along with the compressive strength improve by 25.37 % and 13.78 % respectively when 40 wt. % of the Kota stone dust is added to the polyester resin. The maximum hardness obtained is 84.2 Shore-D number and the maximum compressive strength of 109.2 MPa is registered. For a filler loading of 30 wt. %, the highest value of tensile strength is 66.2 MPa and that of flexural strength is 73.2 MPa is registered. The sliding wear tests are conducted as per Taguchi's design of experiment following the L25 orthogonal array. It is observed that the Kota stone dust loading is the utmost significant factor, whereas normal load is the least significant factor that administrates the sliding wear rate. The wear loss mechanism is observed under a scanning electron microscope by studying the eroded surface.

A mathematical model is developed to describe the conservative solute migration under sorption in a groundwater reservoir. For the complexity of the aquifer, it is assumed as heterogeneous and semi-infinite. Dispersion is considered as a varying power of seepage velocity. For the sake of real scenario of the aquifer, the seepage velocity, first-order decay (FOD), zero-order production (ZOP), and retardation factor are taken as spatio-temporal dependent parameters. Initially, the aquifer is assumed as polluted by a background source throughout the domain. Also, a temporally dependent pulse type sinusoidal input source is taken at origin of the aquifer. The other end of the aquifer is assumed as flux free. The retardation factor considered with a special form due to regional and complication of the porous medium. The transient velocity is considered as sinusoidal, exponential, algebraic sigmoid and asymptotic forms to study the solute transport behavior under different velocity patterns. The analytical solution of the proposed model is obtained by Laplace and inverse Laplace transform techniques. All the graphical plots are obtained by MATLAB software. The present study may be helpful for scientists, geologists to determine the time and position of harmless concentration level and can be treated as preliminary tool for solute migration for the future researchers.

The massive deposit of medium-grained, white-colored sandstone of about 20 m thick, is located immediately above the coal seam in Quarry No. 2, resulted lesser yield due to lower powder factor (m3/kg) and over-sized boulder formations, specifically from the stemming zones at Chotia Opencast Coal Mine of M/s Prakash Industries Limited, which was operating at a depth of about 30 to 40 m with an average bench height of 5.5 m. The criticality of the problem led to the rectification of the blast design parameters through incorporation of pilot holes and pocket charges, decked charges, air-decking, evolution of static energy distributions, and fragment data analysis for establishing optimized design patterns with available machinery. Several test blasts along with on-site testing of explosive quality, rebound hardness tests of overlying strata, and rearrangements of firing patterns through surface delay connections were considered for adopting the best-suitable blast pattern for the mine. Generalized and perceptible inferences were made to apply the results in other mines with similar kinds of problems.

Background and Purpureocillium lilacinum (previously known as Paecilomyces lilacinus) and Paecilomyces variotii cause hyalohyphomycosis.
Case report: In this study, we present a case of multiple subcutaneous abscesses of the lower limbs due to Purpureocillium lilacinum in a patient with myasthenia gravis and uncontrolled diabetes. Subcutaneous involvement of the lower limbs with this fungus is an unusual presentation. Pus aspirate collected on multiple occasions revealed hyaline septate hyphae under microscopic examination and Purpureocillium lilacinum grew on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. The patient was initially treated by surgical excision and itraconazole therapy. Swelling regressed but discharge was noticed from the excision site after three months of itraconazole therapy. Culture from the discharge material yielded the same fungal growth. Treatment was changed to ketoconazole and he responded. This case report emphasizes the importance of identifying Purpureocillium lilacinum at an unusual site like the lower limbs in an immunocompromised patient. Ketoconazole may be used as an alternative treatment option for hyalohyphomycosis caused by Purpureocillium lilacinum