rustam aghazadeh

To establish a highly efficient plant regeneration system for some Iranian wheat, this study was done. MS mediums supplemented with different combinations of 2, 4-D, NAA, Dicamba, and different combinations of Thidiazuron and BAP, were evaluated for callus induction and regeneration respectively. The results showed that the efficiency of mature embryo for tissue culture response was significantly influenced by the genotypes, the auxins types and concentrations. Medium supplemented with 2 mg/L Dicamba give the best response on callus inducing and also gave the highest rate of plant regeneration. Regeneration response mainly affected by auxins types and concentrations on callus induction medium. There was no significant effect of cytokinin treatments on regeneration properties. Three different organic compounds were used to improve callus induction and plant regeneration response of elite cultivars. The results showed that the Casein hydrolyzed at 3 g/L and Tryptone at 5 g/L had greatest impact on callus induction and plant regeneration of wheat respectively.

Canola is an agro-economically oilseed crop. Yield loss due to fungal disease of stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a serious problem in canola cultivation. Thaumatin-like proteins are large groups of the pathogenesis-related proteins which provide resistance to the fungal infection in response to invading pathogens and play a key role in plant defense system.
Transformation of the rice tlp into canola via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and evaluation of the antifungal activity of the expressed TLP in the transgenic events on the S. sclerotiorum growth was subject to investigation.
The canola (R line Hyola308) was used for transformation experiment. The vector, pBITLPRA1, was used for the stable transformation. The PCR and southern blotting techniques were used to confirm transgene’s presence in the transgenic canola events. Antifungal activity of transgenic plants was evaluated by the radial diffusion and spore germination assays. T2 transgenic plants were evaluated by the intact leaf inoculation method in greenhouse assay.
In this study, pBITLPRA1 construct containing tlp gene was introduced into canola and the transformed plants were verified by PCR. The glucanase activity of tlp gene in T0 generation was measured and transgenic plants with high activity were assessed by Southern blot analysis to confirm the copy number of the gene. Also, antifungal activity of the single copy T0 transgenic plants against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was evaluated by radial diffusion and spore germination assays. In greenhouse assay, evaluation of T2 transgenic plants by the intact leaf inoculation method demonstrated that following the infection with S. sclerotiorum, there was a significant reduction in the lesion’s diameter in transgenic lines compared to the non-transgenic ones.
These results revealed that expression of TLP has an inhibitory effect against fungus compared to non-transgenic plants both in vitro and in vivo (i.e., greenhouse condition). These transgenic lines could be used as the additional sources of disease resistance for canola breeding program.

Effects of planting date, depth and distance on growth and yield of saffron were studied in Maku environmental condition. The experiment was factorial based on a complete randomized block design with two planting dates (16th and 29th September), two planting depths (20 and 25 cm) and two plant distances (20, 25 cm) with tree replications during 2008-2010. Results showed that number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of leaves, wet and dry weight of flowers, fresh and dry weight of stigma, and length of stigma and leaf area were affected by treatments. The indices of plant growth and yield components such as number of leaves, stigma length, fresh and dry weight of leaf, flower, stigma and leaf area were increased in the first date of planting (16th September). The plant distance has also affected plant growth and yield production. The highest yield was obtained in less plant distance and low planting depth treatment.